AimsOptical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) is a recently developed, light-based, high-resolution intravascular imaging technique. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a widely used, conventional imaging technique for guiding percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We aimed to demonstrate the non-inferiority of OFDI-guided PCI compared with IVUS-guided PCI in terms of clinical outcomes.Methods and resultsWe did a prospective, multicentre, randomized (ratio 1:1), active-controlled, non-inferiority study to compare head-to-head OFDI vs. IVUS in patients undergoing PCI with a second generation drug-eluting stent. The primary endpoint was target vessel failure defined as a composite of cardiac death, target-vessel related myocardial infarction, and ischaemia-driven target vessel revascularization until 12 months after the PCI. The major secondary endpoint was angiographic binary restenosis at 8 months. We randomly allocated 829 patients to receive OFDI-guided PCI (n = 414) or IVUS-guided PCI (n = 415). Target vessel failure occurred in 21 (5.2%) of 401 patients undergoing OFDI-guided PCI, and 19 (4.9%) of 390 patients undergoing IVUS-guided PCI, demonstrating non-inferiority of OFDI-guided PCI to IVUS-guided PCI (hazard ratio 1.07, upper limit of one-sided 95% confidence interval 1.80; Pnon-inferiority = 0.042). With 89.8% angiographic follow-up, the rate of binary restenosis was comparable between OFDI-guided PCI and IVUS-guided PCI (in-stent: 1.6% vs. 1.6%, P = 1.00; and in-segment: 6.2% vs. 6.0%, P = 1.00).ConclusionThe 12-month clinical outcome in patients undergoing OFDI-guided PCI was non-inferior to that of patients undergoing IVUS-guided PCI. Both OFDI-guided and IVUS-guided PCI yielded excellent angiographic and clinical results, with very low rates of 8-month angiographic binary restenosis and 12-month target vessel failure.Clinical registrationClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01873027.

Six months of DAPT was not inferior to 18 months of DAPT following implantation of a DES with a biodegradable abluminal coating. However, this result needs to be interpreted with caution given the open-label design and wide noninferiority margin of the present study. (Nobori Dual Antiplatelet Therapy as Appropriate Duration [NIPPON]; NCT01514227).

The typical HIP case was associated with ultrasound attenuation, positive remodeling, remarkably low computed tomography density, and a high incidence of slow-flow phenomena. Noncontrast T1WI in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging may be useful for the assessment of coronary plaque characterization in patients with coronary artery disease.

The guidewire recrossing point and the location of a stent link at the SB orifice had an influence on the ISA. KBD with optimal conditions under 3D-OCT guidance may reduce SB restenosis.

LMT bifurcation has been shown to have a higher rate of steep angled bifurcation in humans, it is therefore necessary to take the bifurcation angle into consideration in the case of LMT stenting. These data suggest that a bifurcation study using MSCT can clarify the 3D structure of coronary bifurcation and may provide useful information for bifurcation stenting.