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A pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PLELC) is similar to a lymphoepithelioma, a subtype of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and commonly associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection which is a rare tumour and classified in the group of "other and unclassified carcinoma" in the latest 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Some reports of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) have noted an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, whereas none have noted a mutation of the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene. This is the first reported case of PLELC with ALK rearrangement. A 76-year-old woman underwent a right lower lobectomy and complicated partial resection of the upper lobe with lymph node dissection under complete thoracoscopic approach. A histopathological diagnosis of PLELC was made and the stage was classified as T1aN1 (#12l) M0, pl0, G2, Ly1, V1. The results of both ALK immunohistochemistry and EML4-ALK fusion gene on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) examinations were positive; however, EGFR mutational analysis results showed wild-type mutation.

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BackgroundSurgical resection is the first choice for intralobar sequestration (ILS). A lobectomy is often performed, though we consider that a segmentectomy may be sufficient for benign cases if the sequestration is completely included within a segment.Case presentationWe treated a 36-year-old female diagnosed with ILS. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed several cystic lesions with niveau formation and consolidation in left segment (S)10 without communication of the bronchus and abnormal artery branching from the descending aorta. We performed a sublobar resection of left S10 including sequestration through a thoracoscopic minimally sized incision. The sequestration had dark red appearance and was completely included in the S10. The boundary line of S10 was clear with inflation of the lung after cutting bronchus 10. The postoperative course was uneventful. Chest CT findings at 2 years after surgery showed good expansion of the residual left lower lobe with no consolidation and respiratory function were nearly the same as the preoperative condition.ConclusionsA thoracoscopic segmentectomy for ILS is a feasible and useful procedure for qualified cases, even in adult patients who had repeated inflammation.

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We report two cases of cystic and bullous disease in young women. Case 1: A 28-year-old woman was admitted for a cystic lesion found in chest X-ray and chest computed tomography. Bullectomy was conducted for a giant bulla. Case 2: A 27-year-old woman was admitted for a cystic lesion on chest CT. Segmentectomy of the right right basal segment was done. Histological findings led to a diagnosis of multiple bronchiolus cysts. These bullous and cystic disease are rare in young women.