Pengelolaan kawasan hutan tidak terlepas dari persoalan atau konflik lahan yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain ekonomi, sosial, ekologi dan kebutuhan lahan pertanian. Konflik lahan dapat terjadi antara penduduk pendatang dan penduduk asli. Tujuan kajian ini adalah: 1) menguraikan sejarah kawasan KPH; 2) mengkaji perkembangan penggunaan dan pemanfaatan kawasan dan 3) menganalisis dampak penggunaan dan pemanfaatan kawasan. Metode penelitian menggunakan Analisis Historis atau Analisis Runtut Kejadian melalui beberapa tahapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian kawasan yang telah ditunjuk sebagai KPH sudah diokupasi oleh masyarakat, baik sebagai lahan garapan, pemukiman, bangunan kantor desa, maupun menjadi pusat perbelanjaan berupa toko serba ada dan pasar tradisional. Di KPH tersebut terdapat lahan garapan yang sudah bersertifikat dan ada desa definitif yang dikukuhkan melalui Peraturan Daerah (Perda). Konflik dalam kawasan hutan terjadi karena rendahnya intensitas pengelolaan, pengamanan dan perlindungan. Penelitian ini juga menghasilkan suatu model pemanfaatan lahan ( ) dalam satu unit manajemen KPH. Analisis tenurial ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan alternatif resolusi konflik lahan di sektor kehutanan. Salah satu alternatif solusi yang disarankan adalah menerapkan Hutan Kemasyarakatan atau Hutan Desa dari Kementerian Kehutanan atau mengembangkan konsep Desa Hutan yang mampu menampung aspirasi dan dinamika masyarakat tanpa mengubah status kawasan hutannya Penguasaan lahan, KPH, sengketa masyarakat, desa hutan. D .
Changes in the forest function is an agent change the function of that forest to the other function. The judicial cases in the implementation of the change refers to the article 19 paragraph (1) of law No. 41 of 1999 on forestry, namely " Changes in designation and the function of forest area are set by the government based on the result of integrated research". The mechanism that regulated the changes is based on activity of Forestry Decree No. 70/Kpts-15/2000. The change in the function of forest is intended to optimize the utilization of forest sustainability for welfare of the society. Therefore, the orientation of change is more on the aspect of forest utilization. Based on data from agency of Forest Planning changes in forest production function to other forest function as a whole until January 2007 cover about 884860.36 ha spread across Indonesia. This research is intended to study the impact of changes of the function of Production Forest (HP) and Protection Forest (HL) to the area conservation forest namely National Park (TN). Research was conducted in 3 Provinces i.e North Sumatera Batang Gadis National Park (TNBG), Bukit Duabelas National Park (TNBD) in Jambi and The Sebangau National Park (TNS) in Central Kalimantan. This Study used qualitative descriptive approach on social, economic and environment and legal aspects. The results showed that the changes of production forest function mostly took placed in the area of abandoned concession. The communities around the production forest were not directly affected because their livelihood in the former concession were not one permanent. In contrast, the community living around protected forest were affected because most farmers that lived around the forest occupied part of the protected forest for their livelihood. The impact was different in TNBG only ± 10 % from 20 respondent felt affected as they were prohibited from hunting, especially in the protected area, while community in TNBD was prohibited to cut the trees and in TNS was prohibited from farming.
KPH BOALEMO, GORONTALO PROVINCE. Community Plantation Forest (HTR) is one among alternatives expected to fulfil the needs of timber. Limited capital, which is simply known as financial capital, is considered as the main problem in HTR development. However, there is also other capital but less known and understood namely social capital. This study aims to determine the social capital that can be utilized in HTR management. The study was conducted in Rumbia Village, Boalemo District, Gorontalo Province. The data collected were analyzed using a descriptive qualitative method in three steps: data reduction, data display and verification. In this study, the social capital is discussed in its dimensions of trust, norm, and network, which can improve the efficiency of society by facilitating coordinated action. Results of the study show that strengthening social capital in its dimension of trust, norm, and the network would encourage independence of both the farmers and forest farmer groups in HTR management. If the social capital does not work properly, the gap among farmers could occur and even becomes a barrier or limits in the involvement of members of the farmer group in the management of HTR. The farmers had a high trust for forestry extension workers. It became a dimension of social capital that should be developed further in HTR management to reach optimal benefits from HTR. Besides, the farmers also had high compliance to social norms of traditions, religion, and customary rules. The social capital held by the farmers should be appropriately addressed by the local and central government to develop successful HTR management.
Typology of Forest Management Unit (FMU) arranged through clustering based on its characteristics. These characteristics are FMU managers, participation of stakeholders and their business potential. The survey approach used by sending questionnaires to 86 FMU models that already have organization as primary data collection. Literatures are used as suporting data. Based on questionnaires collected from 35 FMU there are three types of FMU such as type A (index 3.66-5.00), type B (index 2.33 to 3.66) and type C (index 1.00 to 2.33). The characteristics of type A are good understanding of FMU concept, sufficient number of employees and the employees have good capabilities, high stakeholders support, and good forest business potential. The characteristics of type B are enough understanding of the FMU concept, not enough employees and their capabilities, enough stakeholders support and there are forest business potential. The characteristics of types C are less understanding of the concept, the number and capability of human resources is not enough, lack of stakeholder support, and lack of forest business potential. Most FMUs (97%) belong to type B and type C. It means that the FMU still need assistance from the government in its development.
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