Background: The COVID-19 virus has had a great effect globally, changing many commonalities. The incidence of COVID-19 had weakened the immune system, leading to more severe outcomes of various common diseases. Since its early development, the vaccination of COVID-19 has also had mixed responses. The aim of the study was to observe the incidence rate of COVID-19 infection and vaccination status among chronic kidney disease patients. Methods: In this study 50 (27 male and 23 female) adult skulls were investigated to determine the type of asterion, its distance from important bony landmarks and also the nearby venous sinuses were measured. Results: Majority (41.61%) of the participants had been between the ages of 41-55 years old, and 64.84% male prevalence was observed. 60.65% of the participants had been from rural areas. A large portion of the participants (38.06%) did not have any comorbidities, while multiple comorbidities were present among many of the remaining participants. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity, observed in 56.45% of the participants. 72.26% of the present study participants had been asymptomatic, while 13.23% had a fever as their symptom of COVID-19. COVID-19 test was done on 81 patients, among whom 64 had tested positive. Among the total 310 participants, 29.03% had not received any vaccinations, while 14.19% had received only 1st dose of vaccination, 47.2% had received up to their 2nd dose, and 9.35% had received their booster dose. Conclusions: The present study observed a low incidence rate of COVID-19 positive patients among those affected by chronic kidney disease. However, the study also observed a significant positive relation between COVID-19 positive patients and the need for additional medical support, leading to the conclusion that COVID-19 can significantly affect the severity of CKD.
Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) has an independent impact on outcome, even after correction of all other variables in critically ill patients . AKI in ICU is often associated with different biochemical metabolic derrangements as a result of sepsis and non-renal organ system failure. Adequate informations are essential to develop effective measures to prevent and control morbidity and mortality. This study was done to detect AKI with their associated biochemical abnormalities and outcome among admitted patients in intensive care unit of BSMMU. Materials and methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka, during the period of September 2015 to October 2016. A total of 105 patients who were admitted in the Department of Anesthesia, Analgesia and intensive care medicine, BSMMU were included in this study. Patients who had pre-existing CKD, those on maintenance dialysis, with history of renal transplantation, Feature suggestive of chronic kidney disease were excluded. Baseline data were recorded accordingly. The study population was divided initially into two group (No AKI and AKI) then sub groups into risk, injury, failure and followed up till discharge or death. Results: Incidence of AKI was 37.14%. Mean increase in Serum creatinine was 64.53%, 132.87% and 375.01% from baseline for risk, injury and failure respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed risk (20%) injury (6.67%) and failure (10.47%). Associated acid base disorder, electrolytes imbalance, hepatic dysfunction, haemotogical disorder and hypoalbuminemia were found statistically significant between two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that associated haematological abnormalities were positively correlated to the development of AKI. But among these no variables showed significant effect on RIFLE class population. Our study revealed overall morality is (53.8%). Mortality was highest in Failure class and most patients from risk class achieved renal recovery. Conclusion: The incidence of AKI in critically ill patient is high. Associated biochemical changes should be addressed properly to minimize fatality. RIFLE classification for AKI might help in recruitment of patients for predicting prognosis. JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 53-58
Background: Malnutrition is a state of nutrition in which a deficiency and excess of energy, protein and other nutrients causes measurable adverse effects on tissue or body function and clinical outcome. The aim of study were to find out proportion of malnutrition during hospital admission and to observe the change of nutritional status of the patients during hospital stay. Materials and methods: This is a serial cross sectional study performed at Gastroenterology Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka during a period of May to December 2009. The nutritional status was assessed using Body Mass Index (BMI) and Mid Arm Circumference (MAC). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS program and simple frequency distribution table. 202 patients were included in this study, 114 were male and 88 were female. 32 patients were over 60 years of age. Results: Out of 202 patients, 57 patients had chronic liver disease (28.2%) 44 patients had intestinal tuberculosis (21.8%) 18 patients had intestinal lymphoma (8.9%) 30 patients had GI malignancy (14.9%) and 53 patients had others gastrointestinal disorders (26.2%). Prevalence of malnutrition during hospital admission was 32.7%. Out of 202 patients, 66 patients (32.7%) were found to be malnourished at 1st day of hospital admission whereas 83 patients (41.1%) were malnourished at the time of discharge. Lowest recorded BMI was 14.8 and highest was 28.4 (19.9 mean ± 2.9 SD) whereas lowest recorded MAC was 15 and highest MAC was 34 (22.8 mean ± 3.4SD) during hospital admission. 14% patients had very poor appetite. Out of 145 patients who were hospitalized for 14 days or less, 34 (23.4%) and 32 (22.1%) patients had significant decreased MAC and BMI respectively. Out of 57 patients admitted for more than 14 days, 24 patients (42.1%) had significant decrease in BMI whereas 14 patients (24.6%) had significant decrease in MAC. Conclusion: Nutritional status of the patients during hospital stay has changed significantly in relation to disease pattern JCMCTA 2020 ; 31 (1) : 19-25
not available DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(2): 160-162
A young male who had history of ingestion of methanol developed severe anorexia, nausea, and profuse vomiting after a short period. After evaluation he was found to develop severe renal failure, metabolic acidosis & dyselectrolemia. He was given haemodialysis for several sessions. Few days later he developed weakness and blurred vision. Neurological evaluation showed toxic neuropathy. In spite of giving haemodialysis near about three months his renal function did not improved. Renal biopsy showed features suggestive of acute cortical necrosis. He was declared a case of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) & an arterio-venus fistula was created in his left forearm for maintenance of haemodialysis DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v11i1.20508 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, January 2013, Vol. 11 No. 1 pp 44-47
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