Highlights An extensive review on diverse bioactive components of buckwheat. Versatile beneficial phytochemicals are abundant in buckwheat. Buckwheat has a wide range of pharmacological and beneficial health effects. Huge research scope on Fagopyrum cymosum to identify the beneficial phytochemicals.

Worldwide, tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most devastating invasive pests of tomato crops. It is one of the most important biotic constraints for tomato production which may lead to the production loss up to 100% if it cannot be controlled. T. absoluta comprises four developmental stages: egg, larvae, pupa, and adult with a rapid growth rate. Among these larvae is the most devastating stage which affects the fruit, leaves, and stem. Recently, T. absoluta is turned into a key pest of tomato in Bangladesh. This pest was first detected by IPM lab, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh from a commercial tomato grower in the village of Chaklarhat (26019’N, 88043’E) under the Tunirhat union of Panchagarh Sadar Upazila, Panchagarh district of Bangladesh in May 2016. Since its introduction in 2016, there was no sound action plan implemented. Therefore, this paper focused on relevant scientific knowledge regarding its biology, potential damage and different control measures which will open the windows for future researches for efficient and sustainable management strategies against T. absoluta in Bangladesh.

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Patient-controlled Personal Health Record (PHR) systems may facilitate a patient not only to share her health records with health care professionals but also to control her health privacy, in a convenient and easy way. Governed by privacy protection laws, explicit consent/permission of the respective patient is a prerequisite for sharing personal health records. However, in emergency situations, when the patient becomes unable to give consent on her PHRs, healthcare professionals of emergency care units may need to access her health history for better and safer care. In this paper, we have introduced a novel privacy-aware protocol for handling access to patient-controlled PHR by healthcare professionals in emergency situations. The protocol is for the Privacy-aware Patientcontrolled Personal Health Record (p3HR) system. It uses strong authentication using health IC cards, authorizes health care professionals and embeds emergency access report into the patient's health IC card by which we achieve non-repudiation. Use of a dynamic access token in the authorization process protects replay attack. Intuitive privacy analysis shows that the proposed solution can preserve patient's privacy from unauthorized parties while granting traceable access to personal health records by authorized healthcare professionals in emergency situations.

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Golden buckwheat (Fagopyrum dibotrys or Fagopyrum cymosum) and Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) belong to the Polygonaceae and the Fagopyrum genus is rich in flavonoids. Golden buckwheat is a wild relative of Tartary buckwheat, yet golden buckwheat is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and Tartary buckwheat is a food crop. The genetic basis of adaptive divergence between these two buckwheats is poorly understood.Here, we assembled a high-quality chromosome-level genome of golden buckwheat and found a one-to-one syntenic relationship with the chromosomes of Tartary buckwheat. Two large inversions were identified that differentiate golden buckwheat and Tartary buckwheat.Metabolomic and genetic comparisons of golden buckwheat and Tartary buckwheat indicate an amplified copy number of FdCHI, FdF3H, FdDFR, and FdLAR gene families in golden buckwheat, and a parallel increase in medicinal flavonoid content. Resequencing of 34 wild golden buckwheat accessions across the two morphologically distinct ecotypes identified candidate genes, including FdMYB44 and FdCRF4, putatively involved in flavonoid accumulation and differentiation of plant architecture, respectively.Our comparative genomic study provides abundant genomic resources of genomic divergent variation to improve buckwheat with excellent nutritional and medicinal value.

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