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Carbon Dioxide emissions are not suitable for human health, and it also creates hurdles in the economic growth of any economy. The current study aims to reinvestigate the impact of greenhouse gases like CO2 emissions, including other gases, in the cement industry of Pakistan and its outcome in the shape of an increase in the health expenditures of the citizens. The study employs the ARDL methodology to find the empirical results in the short and long run. For the empirical analysis, the study used time-series data from the WDI database and covered the range from 1990 to 2019. The study finds a strong relationship between CO2 emissions from the cement industry, health expenditures, and economic growth in Pakistan. There is a uni-directional causality running from CO2 emission to health expenses in both the short and long run. The present study makes a significant contribution to the literature on industrial economics and energy economics and its effects on the well-being of people in society. The study explains the changes in the health expenditures of people by considering the emission of CO2 from the cement industry, which is a new dimension in the case of Pakistan. Moreover, the study suggested that the government and policymakers should make environment-friendly and eco-friendly policies to clean the environment for better health and high economic growth. The government should encourage investors to invest in green technology to increase production capacity and improve the environment.

This study investigates the implementation of the service management quality standards set by the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) government at primary health care facilities (PHCFs) in district Kohistan. Primary data through a questionnaire was collected from 42 functional PHCFs of district Kohistan. A total of 142 responses were recorded which includes 42 responses from the incharge of PHCFs and 100 from the patients who attended PHCFs facilities. Simple descriptive statistics were used to analyze this collected data. Most of the service management standards were not met in rural health centers (RHCs) However, the state of affairs at Civil Dispensary (CDs) and Basic Health Unit (BHUs) was terrifying. This study identifies the weak areas which require quality enhancement. This study suggests quality improvement in Primary Care Management Committee, A list of notifiable diseases, Essential Equipment, Rubbish Pit, waiting area, SOPs and Guidelines, and Duty roaster, Copy of Job Description, Guidelines for Risks, and Hazards and Patient’s Feedback Mechanism and Complaint Box. This study suggests that the KP government must defy trouble areas identified by the current study to improve health facilities in PHCFs.This will also reduce the patient's pressure in tertiary health facilities.

The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between monetary policy, domestic prices, financial development and economic growth in a context of Pakistan by using a consistent time series data from 1980 to 2016. The results show that real interest rate increases exchange rate that negatively influenced on country’s economic growth, which confirmed that contractionary monetary policy is ineffective to stabilize country’s economic growth. The trade linearization policies hurt Pakistan’s economic growth, which invalidate the positive effect of globalization in developing countries. The inbound FDI has a positive impact on economic growth, whereas exchange rate and changes in price level both have a negative impact on inbound FDI in a country. The domestic saving rate substantially increases inbound FDI in a country. The positive impact of money supply on inflation confirmed the monetarist view of inflation, i.e., money supply leads to inflation. Thus, the overall conclusion confirmed the sound viability of expansionary monetary policy in a given country for sustained growth.