The article features a brief overview of theoretical and empirical studies in communication psychology and sociability of men and women, boys and girls. Russian and foreign studies are summarized to point out that girls and women place greater emphasis on communication and interpersonal relations than do boys and men. Moreover, female communication is more emotional. The article presents the results of the author's own empirical study of male and female communicative activity. Communicative activity is viewed as a complex psychological phenomenon, a degree of the subject's willingness to interact. Communicative activity was studied with the test proposed by the Russian psychologist, Krupnov, and designed to detect the following components of communicative activity: dynamic (natural), emotional, motivational, cognitive, regulatory, productive, and two sorts of communication difficulties (operational and personal). Gender differences in communicative activity are shown on a sample of 480 participants aged 18-40 (240 men and 240 women). The article then describes communicative styles of adolescents (130 boys and 130 girls, aged 19-24). Various communicative styles are featured, including "energetic, businesslike," "conformal, emotional," "diplomatic, externally oriented" for boys and "energetic, sociable," "emotional, difficult," and "complaisant, expressive" for girls. Every person's individuality and gender identity are shown to impact their communicative style. Keywords: communicative activity, gender, integral individuality, style of communicative activityEl artículo presenta una revisión de los estudios teóricos y empíricos de la psicología de la comunicación y la sociabilidad de hombres y mujeres, chicos y chicas. Se resumen estudios rusos y extranjeros y se indica que chicas y mujeres ponen mayor énfasis en la comunicación y en las relaciones interpersonales que los chicos y hombres. Además, la comunicación femenina es más emotiva. El artículo presenta los resultados del estudio de la autora sobre la actividad comunicativa de varones y mujeres. La actividad comunicativa se ve como un fenómeno complejo psicológico, un grado de la voluntad del sujeto a interactuar. Se estudió la actividad comunicativa con el test propuesto por al psicólogo ruso, Krupnov, diseñado para detectar los siguientes componentes de la actividad comunicativa: dinámico (natural), emocional, motivacional, cognitivo, regulativo, productivo, y dos tipos de dificultades de comunicación (operacional y personal). Se observan las diferencias de género en la actividad comunicativa en una muestra de 480 participantes de edades entre 18-40 años (240 varones y 240 mujeres). El artículo describe estilos comunicativos de adolescentes (130 chicos y 130 chicas, edades entre 19-24). Se observan varios estilos comunicativos, incluyendo "energético" "práctico [businesslike]," "conformista, emocional," "diplomático, orientado externamente" para chicos y "energético, sociable," "emocional, difícil," y "complaciente, expresivo" para chicas. Se observa que la...
The article focuses on a theoretical overview of time phenomenon in Internet communications. Advanced technologies and virtual interactions make interaction and communicative competence priories in Internet communications. Time is seen as both a biological and a social phenomenon and the notion of time competence embraces the ability to establish and maintain social contacts within the indicated timeline and capability to extend and restrict the timeframe of communications. Based on a theoretical analysis of reflection and regulation of communicative activity in Internet communications the authors have devised a training programme “Enhancement of time competence in Internet communications”. This five module programme is aimed to university and high school students. The article also presents the results of implementing this programme.
The article presents the results of an empirical study of relation between the communicative activity and self-evaluation of teenagers (n = 85), whose personality development takes place in the information society and allows us to characterize modern adolescents as generation Z («digital» generation). Communicative activity is considered as the willingness and ability of a person to interpersonal interaction, the outgoing desire to implement the functions of the subject of communication. The authors have analyzed theoretical information about the self-evaluation and communicative activity of adolescents. The communicative activity of adolescents of generation Z is characterized by a wide range: from self-centeredness and minimal involvement in communication, to the desire to maximize the range of social contacts as in real communication, so in communication mediated by technical means. The identified gaps in the scientific knowledge about communicative activity, in terms of its connection with the self-esteem of modern teeagers, became the prerequisite for this study. The principle of consistency and theoretical provisions on self-esteem by L. V. Borozdina, ideas about the activity of personality by A. I. Krupnov, A. A. Volochkov and S. A. Vasyura formed the theoretical and methodological basis of the work. The relations of communicative activity and self-evaluation of adolescents are established. The basic components of the system of these relations are ease of contact and self-evaluation of appearance. The ease of coming into contact is associated with self-evaluation on the scales of “authority among peers”, “appearance (beauty)”, “self-confidence”, as well as the level of claims on the scales “mind” and “self-confidence”. The self-evaluation of appearance (beauty) is associated with the need for communication, initiative in communication, ease of contact, expressiveness in communication. The obtained results contribute to the development of scientific ideas about communicative activity, its potential for the development of the personality of adolescents of generation Z.
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