The majority of regions in Riau Province are coastal areas and many communities live on land that is dominated by peat. Peat ecosystems have unique characteristics, as they are classified as wetland areas, while also possessing regions of terrestrial land. Poor maintenance of these ecosystems can cause a variety of issues such as forest fires, drought, flooding, biodiversity loss, increasing emissions, climate change, and social community changes. The purpose of this paper is to formulate a model of peatland utilization based on local wisdom and community welfare, in an effort to support the sustainable management of peat ecosystems in Riau Province. The main commodities of the coastal community are agriculture, coconut, rubber, oil palm, sago, coffee, cocoa, areca nut. Therefore, an understanding of the use of peatlands is needed. This is to prevent damage to the peatland ecosystem, maintain biodiversity, store carbon, produce oxygen, and manage water. Policies and strategies for managing the peat ecosystem are carried out through the development of socio-economic and community culture to realize people's welfare based on local wisdom. The management and use of peatlands have contributed to the economy, even as the main source of livelihood for coastal communities. Utilization of peatlands based on local wisdom can maintain a sustainable peat ecosystem.
Oil palm plantations at peatland are faced with problems of land degraded, low productivity and produced to green house gas (GRG) emission. The objectives of this study were to land clearing effect of peatlands and to identified factors that affect the peatlands in the biophysical characteristics. This study was conducted on District Bengkalis-Riau at marine and brakish peat. The data was collected using field survey and documentation. The descriptive analysis was used to determine biophysical characteristics and linier regresion was used to corelation perform important factors. The research results showed that the biophysical characteristics of peatland experienced changes in the horizon profile, peat thickness, decomposition level, moisture content, ash content, pH, C-organic and biomass. The secondary peat swamp forest of biophysical characteristics have to different in the horizon profile, peat thickness, decomposition level, moisture content, ash content, pH, C-organic and biomass compared with marine and brackish peat.
The challenge of complexity environmental problems requires intensive efforts by environmental education. However, students’ environmental knowledge about of the surrounding local potential is low. It is necessary to integrated implementation of environmental education based local potentials to enhance students’ environmental knowledge. This research was conducted on students at Teaching and Education Faculty, Universitas Riau in August-December 2018. Implementation of environmental education based local potentials was carried out in learning with integrating contents of environmental education curriculum is the concept of ecosystems, environmental problems and environmental management based local wisdom, with data and field facts owned by Riau Province. Implementation is carried out in control and experimental classes, selected based on the homogeneity and normality values of the students’ environmental knowledge. Parameters analyzed were the learning feasibility value by observer and student’s environmental knowledge. Results showed that implementation of environmental education based local potential was very good (0.96-1.00). Implementation learning can increased students’ environmental knowledge by 0.60 (moderate), better than control class by 0.21 (low). So that implmentation of environmental education based local potential can be used as an alternative effort to improve students’ environmental knowledge.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the strategies for empowering rural economies based on oil palm in an effort to control the potential environmental impacts in the development of oil palm plantations. The research location in Riau Province area. The commodity of palm oil is the most popular especially in the Riau region. The area of oil palm plantations in 2001 was 1,119,798 ha, increasing to 2,503,566 ha in 2017 with an average growth of 5.16% per year. Other plantations such as rubber and coconut actually experienced a decline. The expansion of the plantation area is followed by an increase in the production of crude palm oil. The CPO production capability in the Riau region is supported by 261 units of palm oil mill (POM) with a capacity of processing 12,470 tons per hour. Oil palm plantation activities contribute to the regional and national economy. Oil palm farming has proven to be able to improve the welfare of the community and reduce poverty. The government has issued a policy, the development of oil palm plantations must be in line with the goals of sustainable development (SDGs).
Oil palm is a very common commodity in rural communities of Sumatra and Kalimantan, Indonesia, and the farming activities in these areas create a high multiplier effect and increase welfare. However, the expansion of oil palm areas puts pressure on forests and resources. The research was carried out through a survey using the developmental research method. Efforts to implement sustainable development in the plantation sector need to be carried out to develop palm in the second cycle. One of the efforts is to implement agroforestry by planting forestry plants between oil palm trees, namely meranti trees (Shorea leprosula Miq). The model for the development of meranti is a monoculture palm plantation that is integrated with meranti trees. This has ecological, economic, and social benefits, following the basic concepts of environmental management. Planting copper meranti between palm trees has multiple benefits for the community, such as wood production. Planting copper meranti between oil palm trees has multiple benefits for the community, timber production as additional income for farmer families.
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