Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian fungi mikoriza arbuskular (FMA) dan pupuk organik terhadap sifat kimia tanah dan pertumbuhan bunga matahari (Helianthus annuus L.) pada lahan kritis. Sampel tanah diambil dari Desa Bukit Meusara, Jantho, Aceh Besar dengan kedalaman 0 – 20 cm pada jenis tanah Podsolik Merah Kuning. Penelitian ditata menurut rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial 4x3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama, FMA dengan 3 jenis yaitu tanpa mikoriza, Glomus sp. dan mikoriza campuran masing-masing sebanyak 10 g polibag-1. Faktor kedua, pupuk organik dengan 4 jenis yaitu tanpa pupuk, pupuk kandang, kompos dan guano masing-masing sebanyak 30 ton ha-1 setara 150 g polibag-1. Hasil pengamatan diuji dengan analisis ragam pada α=5%. Hasil uji sifat kimia tanah menunjukkan pemberian FMA berpengaruh nyata terhadap pH KCl, C-organik, N-total, P-tersedia, K-dd dan KTK tanah. Pupuk organik berpengaruh nyata terhadap pH H2O, P-tersedia, K-dd dan KTK tanah. Interaksi FMA dengan pupuk organik berpengaruh nyata terhadap pH H2O, pH KCl, P-tersedia dan KTK tanah. Pada pertumbuhan dan kandungan hara tanaman, interaksi berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada 20 dan 40 HST, jumlah daun pada 20 dan 40 HST, berat kering berangkasan atas, berat basah berangkasan atas dan kandungan hara N dan P. Mikoriza campuran dengan guano menunjukkan hasil terbaik terhadap perbaikan beberapa sifat kimia tanah, sedangkan pemberian mikoriza campuran dengan pupuk kandang menunjukkan hasil terbaik terhadap peningkatan pertumbuhan tanaman. Kata Kunci: Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular, Helianthus annuus L., Lahan Kritis, Pupuk Organik, Sifat Kimia Tanah This research aimed at finding out the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Organic Fertilizers on soil chemical properties and growth of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on marginal lands. Soil samples were taken from Bukit Meusara village, Jantho, Aceh Besar with the depth of 00-20 cm on the kind of red-yellow podzolic soil. The study was laid out According to a randomized block design pattern 4x3 factorials with three replications. The first factor was the AMF with 3 levels, without mycorrhizae, glomus Sp. and mixed species of mycorrhiza, 10 g polybag-1. The second factor was an organic fertilizer with four levels, without fertilizer, manure, compost and guano each of 30 tons ha -1 equal to 150 g polybags-1. The observation results were analyzed with the analysis of variance at α = 5%. The results were: from the result of soil chemical properties testing, the provision of FMA significantly affected the pH KCl, organic C, total N, available P, K and Cation-exchangable Exchangable Capacity (CEC). Organic Fertilizers significantly influenced the pH of H2O, P-available, K-dd and CEC. The interaction of AMF and Organic Fertilizers significantly affected the pH of H 2O and KCl, available P and CEC. Whereas on sunflower growth and nutrient content, the interaction significantly affected plant height at 20 and 40 Days After Planting (DAP), leaf number at 20 and 40 DAP, dry weight of leaf, wet weight of leaf and plant nutrient content of N and P . The mixed species of mycorrhiza with guano showed the best results to the improvement of some soil chemical properties, while species of mycorrhiza mixed with manure showed the best result of the increasing plant growth. Keywords: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Organic Fertilizers, Soil Chemical Properties, AND Marginal Lands
The study determines the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) and organic fertilizer on sunflower growth (Helianthus annuus L.) in former iron ore mine in Lhoong, Aceh Besar. The Randomized block design is 2×3 factorial with 4 replications was used. The first factor: Without Mycorrhiza and Mixed Mycorrhiza. The second factors were Without Fertilizer, Manure, and Guano. The results showed that at α = 5% variation analysis, AMF had very significant effect on plant height in 10 d After Planting (DAP), leaf number 50 DAP, fresh weight of top-trimmed, and AMF colonized roots. Furthermore, it showed a significant effect on plant height 40 and 50 DAP, leaf number 20, 40 DAP and dry weight of top-trimmed. Fertilizer were significantly affected on plant height in 10 and 20 DAP, leaf number 50 DAP and fresh/dry weight of the top-trimmed. It showed a significant effect on plant height 30 DAP and leaf number 40 DAP. Mixed Mycorrhiza and Guano showed the best results. The interaction between AMF and fertilizer had a significant effect on plant height at 50 DAP and fresh weight of the top-trimmed. Mixed Mycorrhiza and Manure showed the best results on 50 DAP with increasing in plant height, while Mixed mycorrhiza and Guano increased fresh weight of the top-trimmed.Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF), Helianthus annuus L., critical land, organic fertilizer, sunflower growth.The effect of arbuscular michorriza fungi and organic fertilizer on the growth of sunflower… (Suwarniati, Ulia Hanum and Muslim)
Pogostemon cablin Benth is one of the most important crops grown in Indonesia, especially in Aceh province. It is well known as Patchouli belongs to Lamiaceae family and shows a great demand for perfume, luxury products, food and beverage industry. This study conducted to determine the effect of organic fertilizers application on the leaf morphology and stomatal density on the Pogostemon cablin Benth. The seedlings were transplanted for three months on the soil mixed either with manure or compost. The results obtained that was no significant different in affecting the leaf morphology of Pogostemon cablin Benth. The treatment with manure application showed the highest leaf length (15.23 cm) and the highest leaf width (10.5 cm), the leaf color is green. While the stomatal density obtained the significant difference among the treatments, the highest stomatal density in both side of the leaf surface showed in the application of manure, 663.5 mm-2 for adaxial part and 486.38 mm-2 for abaxial part. Stomatal type is anisocytic and on the leaf surface was found glandular and non-glandular trichomes.
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh hasil observasi bahwa rendahnya kemampuan siswa dalam pemecahan masalah terutama pada materi struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan. Adapun yang menjadi tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran inquiri pada materi struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada siswa kelas XI MAN Blang Pidie. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan metode eksperimen. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI yang berjumlah 55 siswa, sedangkan sampelnya adalah siswa kelas XI.2 yang berjumlah 29 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan observasi yang kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan statistik uji-t pada taraf signifikans 5% (α = 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran inquiri pada materi struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada siswa kelas XI MAN Blang Pidie.
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