To support the operational safety of Soebali 2.0 (Sophisticated electron beam accelerator launched by Indonesia version 2.0), laboratory room condition with clean and dustfree, low temperature and humidity was required, and also maintained its stability using Air Conditioner (AC). In this regard, it was conducted to estimate the calculation of air cooling loads as a reference in determining the technical specification of AC that will be installed in Soebali 2.0 laboratory. Estimation was conducted to determine the air cooling loads that arise related to the construction of the building and supporting equipment for Soebali 2.0, which generates heat as the air cooling loads. Based on the estimation result, the total cooling capacity of the air conditioning system was about 153.585 BTU/hours or 15 kW. It was used for cooling the Soebali 2.0 laboratory room with 900 m3 of volume along with the operational supporting equipment was about 20 °C and relative humidity was 50 %.
The EBM 350 keV/10mA is an electron irradiation facility located at the Centre for Accelerator Science and Technology (PSTA). The EBM generates the electrons with energy of 350 keV and the beam current of 10 mA. This generated electron beam can induce x-rays radiation when passing through materials. It is dangerous for workers if the radiation dose exceeds the dose threshold. The previous study has investigated the x-rays radiation in the EBM facility. However, it implemented an analytical approach and applied the high-Z material tabulation data for the x-rays source definition. In this work, we present a different approach using particle transport simulation. The Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS) was utilised to obtain the x-rays source data as well as its dose distribution in the EBM facility. Based on the PHITS simulation, the x-rays are induced by the interaction between electron beams and the EBM’ window through atomic fluorescence and bremsstrahlung mechanism, with the total reaction rate density of 2.6437 × 1013 reactions/cm3s. The x-rays’ maximum dose rate of 1.4659 × 104 µSv/s is located around the window, and it decreases along with the position from the window. The x-rays dose rate in the preparation room (12 m away from the x-rays source, behind 45 cm concrete wall) was 7.4975 × 10−2 µSv/s. It exceeded the permissible dose threshold. Therefore, a radiation shield or the working-duration limits is required for the workers’ safety.
Experimental and theoretical analysis of heat transfer at Electron Beam Machine (EBM) Laboratory in Center for Accelerator Science and Technology, National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN) are required to understand the heat transfer phenomena. The BATAN’s EBM is a typical 300 kV/20 mA. The room where EBM is based has to be set up according to the laboratory standard to perform at an optimum level. This work aims to evaluate if the installed two air conditioners with a total cooling capacity 160,000 Btu/hr inside the laboratory are sufficient to reach a temperature of 20 °C and atmospheric relative humidity (RH) from 45% to 55%. The laboratory was stacked up with brick, tinted glass window, aluminum door, and rolling door with a total volume of 836 m3. The experiment was performed in cloudy weather for six days from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. and the data of temperatures at each spot were taken every one hour. There were three conditions of this experiment, air conditioner running with laboratory lamps set to be off, air conditioner running with laboratory lamps set to be on, and air conditioner running with laboratory lamps set to be on and insulating 10.5 m2 rolling door with 50 mm Styrofoam respectively every two days. The result showed that for the first condition, the average temperature of laboratory and atmospheric relative humidity (RH) was 22.5 °C and 59%, respectively. In the second condition, the average temperature of laboratory and atmospheric relative humidity (RH) was 21.9 °C and 65% respectively, whereas, in the third condition, the average temperature of laboratory and atmospheric relative humidity (RH) were 19.9 °C and 49% respectively. This result indicates that adding thermal insulation such as Styrofoam inside the building helps the air conditioners to reach its targeted temperature and RH.
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penerapan strategi digital entrepreneurship yang dilakukan perusahaan bisnis online di Jawa Tengah dalam perspektif Islam. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan masih dijumpainya perusahaan yang melakukan kegiatan bisnis secara digital, namun belum menerapkan prinsip-prinsip Islam sesuai yang telah dicontohkan Rasulullah SAW. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data dilakukan menggunakan cara inventarisasi atau pengumpulan data, identifikasi, analisis, dan interpretasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi digital entrepreneurship yang diterapkan perusahaan bisnis online di Jawa Tengah dalam perspektif Islam didasarkan pada empat prinsip yaitu customer oriented, transparansi, persaingan sehat, dan fairness atau keadilan Pertama, prinsip customer oriented diterapkan dengan memberikan pelayanan sopan, lemah lembut, bersahabat dan siap memberikan solusi. Kedua, prinsip transparansi diterapkan dengan sikap terbuka, menyampaikan spesifikasi produk dengan sebenarnya. Ketiga, prinsip persaingan sehat diterapkan dengan pengiriman cepat, free konsultasi memberikan diskon, meningkatkan kualitas produk. Keempat, prinsip fairness atau keadilan diterapkan dengan memberikan reward dan perlakuan sama kepada konsumen.
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