The IEVI reduced CR-BSIs and reactive depression and increased problem solving with professionals. IEVI use also can result in fewer hospitalizations and improved quality of life. Long-term improvement did not occur for reactive depression and problem-solving outcomes because patients used these less often.

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Affiliation with an organization that provides ongoing HPN education and peer support was associated with significantly better HPN outcomes. Alternative explanations are discussed in relation to limitations of the case-control design.

A clinical judgement about a patient situation precedes the selection of appropriate nursing actions and the identification of patient outcomes. The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association nomenclature (i.e., nursing diagnoses) is the accepted language for naming nurse's clinical judgements. Two hundred thirty-nine members of the Association of Operating Room Nurses, Inc, rated the frequency and treatment priority of 60 nursing diagnoses. They rated two diagnostic labels (i.e., risk for perioperative positioning injury, risk for infections occurring in more than 50% of the clinical judgments they make about perioperative patient situations that require immediate nursing action. These data reinforce perioperative nurses' primary role in protecting surgical patients from harm.

This article describes a focused ethnography of a group of chronically mentally ill clients who were involved in a client-run drop-in center. Spradley's (1979) Developmental Research Sequence guided the research. Data were obtained from interviews, participant-observation and documents review. The qualitative analysis identified the major theme of empowerment, which had four process domains: participating, choosing, supporting and negotiating. These domains represented four levels of empowerment for this group. From the client's perspective, empowerment meant they participated more in the community, their choices were increased, they provided support for each other and they negotiated on a more equal basis with staff. A fifth domain, personal significance, described the effects of empowerment for each individual.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of using home audio/ video telehealth equipment for administering nursing interventions to families, observing the client response, and collecting research data over specific intervals of time. The study design was a descriptive comparison with observational data collection. The subjects were adult patients (n = 5) using nighttime mechanical ventilators for obstructive sleep apnea and their home caregivers (n = 7). Skin color vital signs, spirometry, and pulse oximetry data collected simultaneously through telehealth equipment and through nurse observation in the home were the same. Care and the caregiver's use of the patient equipment were also observed. When nursing interventions, equipment demonstrations, visual illustrations, and audiotaped educational directions were used to facilitate patient care, they were transmitted across telehealth with a few exceptions. Costs of telehealth visits were less than traditional home visits, and client evaluations of telehealth were positive.

Nursing practice is a major component of health care. Yet, it remains undervalued and essentially invisible because little data exist to substantiate the influence of nurses on patient outcomes. The research-based Perioperative Nursing Data Set (PNDS), with an easily automated nomenclature capable of describing the specialty practice of perioperative nursing, was designed to fill this gap. Four domains (i.e., safety, physiologic response to surgery, patient and family behavioral response to surgery, health system) form the foundation of the PNDS. Each domain, with accompanying desired outcomes, nursing interventions, and nursing diagnoses, has reliability, content validity, and evidence of construct validity. The purpose of this article is to introduce the conceptual framework, taxonomy, and potential clinical applications of the PNDS.