Background: Intelligence is the ability to see meaningful relationships between things that includes perceiving, knowing, reasoning and remembering. The study was done to know the duration of preparation, self study hours, academic performance and its association with IQ level of medical students, to state how to shorten the duration of completing MBBS degree. Methods: A cross sectional study done on 300 medical students using structured questionnaire derived from I Q test.com. Data collection and appropriate statistical test were applied considering p value ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results: Most of the medical students had near average intelligence (88.3%) , they undergone one to two years preparation for medical entrance exams and devoted much time (>6 hrs) in studies. 10% of the students had higher IQ, spare less time in their self study but were sincere in the classes. Conclusion: Students with near average IQ work hard in their studies and their academic performance was similar to students with higher IQ. So IQ can`t be made the basis for medical entrance; instead giving weight-age to secondary school results and limiting the number of attempts may shorten the time duration for entry and completion of MBBS degree.
Background: Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) are gross root health workers introduced under NRHM; for delivery of health services in rural areas. Training them for capacity building and functioning was a big challenge which has been tackled through skill based training. The study has been done to evaluate training effectiveness using managerial approach (Kirkpatrick's model) and find out the gaps and suggest measures to improve ASHAs knowledge and skills. Methods: A cross sectional study on 580 ASHAs selected by sequential random sampling at training centres of Indore and Dewas districts. Sample size reduced to 10% of original for qualitative assessment. Interview of subjects and inspection of records was done using questionnaires/Performa. Paired, unpaired t test, Mcnemar test were applied with p<0.05for statistical significance. Results: Significant improvement in knowledge was found and the mean knowledge score got almost doubled after training (from 8.68 to 15.27 in a 30 point score, paired t test p<0.0001). 80% of ASHAs learnt the skills of hand washing, recording temperature and applying eye ointment and 50-60% learnt skill of weighing newborn, preventing baby from cold. Conclusion: Training was helpful in improving knowledge, skills and activities done by ASHAs. But still very few ASHAs were able to score passing marks and competent in all skills essential for new born care.
Background: Health care workers (HCW) are at risk of an occupational exposure to blood borne diseases like HIV and Hepatitis B through accidental needle stick injuries. This study was conducted to assess the awareness regarding needle prick injuries among health care providers and their exposure to NSIs in a tertiary care medical college hospital with 750 bed capacity.Methods: This cross sectional observational study was conducted on 300 voluntarily participated HCWs out of total 650 HCWs. A semi structured questionnaire was used to assess their knowledge about exposure to blood and body fluids, needle stick injuries and associated risks and post exposure prophylaxis. Details of previous exposures to NSIs in last one year (2017-18) were also asked and their opinion about role and responsibilities of hospital administration for management of NSI was also recorded.Results: More than 90% HCWs were aware of exposure to blood and body fluids, 80.7% were aware of needle stick injuries, all 100% were aware of transmission of HIV and Hepatitis B from NSis and 78% were aware of post exposure prophylaxis. 97 cases of NSIs occurred in last one year which was higher than estimated EPInet data. Injection needle was most commonly (93.8%) involved in causing accidental NSIs.Conclusions: Practice of universal precautions and standard injection procedures by HCWs should be followed and education, training, and group insurance should be provided by hospital administration for prevention of NSIs.
India has one of the largest universal immunization programs in the world with large involvement of money and manpower, and multiple agencies working together still thousands of children still die from Vaccine-Preventable diseases each year. Lack of awareness among caregivers is one of great barrier for nonimmunization or partial immunization of children. This study has been conducted to assess the knowledge, and practice of caregivers about their understanding of childhood immunization in Damoh district of Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh. 360 houses were with child below 3 years age were surveyed and caregivers were interviewed using predesigned and pretested questionnaire regarding to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of parents about child immunization. Multistage random sampling was used to select 10 houses each from 02 wards/ mohallas of each 03 subcentres of each 06 PHC (primary health centre) in Damoh. Only 192(53.33%) of the caregivers knew when vaccination was to be initiated and 50 % were aware when the vaccination get completed. Among 360 children of selected houses 107 (29.72%) children were partially immunized. Lack of awareness of next/further dose of vaccine was found to be the major reason (25.23%) for incomplete immunization. So there is a need to increase awareness and knowledge about the benefits of vaccination, as well as the potential disadvantage of partial immunization. IEC (information, education and communication) activities must be increased in immunization clinics, session sites and in mass media to improve its the awareness of community.
Introduction:DCC is a common practice with several benefits. The benefits of DCC are decreased risk of anemia, less incidence of periventricular leukomalacia, less incidence of NEC. This study tries to compare the effect of different duration of delayed cord clamping on serum bilirubin, hematocrit and hemodynamic status of a neonate. Material and method:A prospective study was done over a span of one year comprising of 150 full term neonates. After obtaining consent prior before delivary females who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to 3 groups.For group 1 the cord was clamped at a duration of 30 sec, 60 sec for group 2 and 120 sec for group 3. Exact time of delayed clamping was recorded using a stop watch. Serum bilirubin and hematocrit level and parameters like respiratory rate, pulse rate, capillary refill time and temperature was assessed at day three. Results: Group 1 showed a mean hematocrit % of 41.51 (SD 10.28). Group 2 showed mean hematocrit % of 45.11 (9.4) and mean hematocrit % of group 3 was 45.64 (8.37).
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