The Study Was

No abstract

Background -Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections

<p class="BodyA"><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to observe the antibiogram, vancomycin MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration), and inducible clindamycin resistance in clinical isolates of MRSA (Methicillin-Resistance <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>).</p><p class="BodyA"><strong>Methods: </strong>Drug resistance pattern was studied by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion methods. MIC of vancomycin was determined by agar dilution method.</p><p class="BodyA"><strong>Results: </strong>MRSA was found to be highly resistant to gentamicin (76%), erythromycin (67.03%) and ciprofloxacin (65.09%) while glycopeptides showed uniform susceptibility.</p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Though there was no drug resistance observed against vancomycin and linezolid, it’s wise to use these antibiotics safely as emerging resistance has been reported for these drugs from all over the world.

Abstrect:Background: Bacterial vaginosis is associated with adverse gynecological and pregnancy outcomes. Diagnosis is totally depending on molecular/culture methods with clinical co-relation. In appropriate interpretation might led to complication associated with pregnancy. Methods: In our study we have included culture and microscopy in association with clinicalhistory.Culture and microscopy was performed as per standard tests.Nugent 's scoring system was used for microscopy along with culture on blood agar and mac-conkey agar. Antibiotic susceptibility was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: All the isolates were found to be sensitive to imipenem and meropenem. But efficacy of ampicillin has been reduced up to a very low level (9.37%). We also noted the increase drug resistance towards urinary antibiotics, which might be a topic of concern in treatment and outcome. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the need of routine observation of drug resistance in bacteria so outcome of treatment will be better for clinicians and patients.

Purpose Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) is an emerging pathogen that is highly resistant to antibiotics and is capable of causing persistent infections that are difficult to treat. Methods & Materials Acne vulgaris patients visiting dermatology OPD of our tertiary care hospital during the study period of 2 months were recruited. Skin swabs were collected, and the sample was processed on 5% sheep-blood agar for anaerobic culture by the GasPak method. Isolates were identified by the standard biochemical test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for clinically relevant antibiotics by the E-strip method. The clinical response was evaluated after 1-month follow-up to the prescribed antibiotics. Results Minocycline, doxycycline, ceftriaxone, and tetracycline were the most effective antibiotics. Nonsusceptibility to clindamycin and erythromycin were observed in 11.9% and 31% isolates, respectively, with 9.5% isolates being nonsusceptible to both. For none of the antibiotics we found significant difference in the proportion of susceptible and nonsusceptible isolates between mild, moderate, and severe grades of acne vulgaris. For none of the antibiotic regimens, significant difference was observed between nonresponders and responders. Twenty-seven patients received clindamycin and among them 16 of 19 responders and 6 of 8 nonresponders yielded growth of clindamycin-susceptible isolates (p = 0.57). Conclusion We observed significant prevalence of resistant strains of C. acnes among patients with acne vulgaris. No association was observed between in vitro susceptibility results and treatment outcome.

Drug resistance in MTB is alarming because of the limited choice of drugs available for treatment. First line drugs are safe, effective and cheaper than second line drugs. Any resistance in rifampicin or isoniazid will increase the chances of sensitive MTB strain to shift toward MDR or Pre-XDR strains. The male population (70.80%) was more frequently involved than the females (29.2%). The rural population was exposed at higher proportion accounted for 69.8% of cases. Comorbidity tobacco and alcohol consumption was associated in 31.2% and 25.8% of tuberculosis cases. In our study mono resistance in isoniazid was 14.20% which was higher than mono rifampicin resistance of 9.20%. Our findings suggest high resistance to isoniazid alone is alarming as these strains may shift towards MDR, Pre-XDR or XDR strains therefore, furthermore studies should be conducted at a large scale at the community level to estimate the prevalence and prevent this shift of resistant strains.

No abstract