Experiments were carried out to determine the effect of Gold-nanoparticles on the growth profile and yield of Brassica juncea, under field conditions. Five different concentrations (0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 ppm) of Goldnanoparticles were applied through foliar spray. Presence of Gold-nanoparticles in the leaf tissues was confirmed through atomic absorption spectroscopy. Various growth and yield related parameters, including plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, number of pods, seed yield etc. were positively affected by the nanoparticle treatment. Gold-nanoparticle treatment increased the number of leaves per plant; however the average leaf area was not affected. Optimal increase in seed yield was recorded at 10 ppm of Gold-nanoparticle treatment. Reducing as well as total sugar contents increased up to 25 ppm of Goldnanoparticle treatment. Application of nanoparticles also improved the redox status of the treated plants. The results, for the first time, demonstrate successful use of Goldnanoparticles in enhancing growth and yield of B. juncea, under actual field conditions and present a viable alternative to GM crops for ensuring food security.

Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) are popular for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Various approaches have been employed to produce ASDs and novel techniques are emerging. This review provides an updated overview of manufacturing techniques for preparing ASDs. As physical stability is a critical quality attribute for ASD, the impact of formulation, equipment, and process variables, together with the downstream processing on physical stability of ASDs have been discussed. Selection strategies are proposed to identify suitable manufacturing methods, which may aid in the development of ASDs with satisfactory physical stability.

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