In today’s world scenario, many of the real-life problems and application data can be represented with the help of the graphs. Nowadays technology grows day by day at a very fast rate; applications generate a vast amount of valuable data, due to which the size of their representation graphs is increased. How to get meaningful information from these data become a hot research topic. Methodical algorithms are required to extract useful information from these raw data. These unstructured graphs are not scattered in nature, but these show some relationships between their basic entities. Identifying communities based on these relationships improves the understanding of the applications represented by graphs. Community detection algorithms are one of the solutions which divide the graph into small size clusters where nodes are densely connected within the cluster and sparsely connected across. During the last decade, there are lots of algorithms proposed which can be categorized into mainly two broad categories; non-overlapping and overlapping community detection algorithm. The goal of this paper is to offer a comparative analysis of the various community detection algorithms. We bring together all the state of art community detection algorithms related to these two classes into a single article with their accessible benchmark data sets. Finally, we represent a comparison of these algorithms concerning two parameters: one is time efficiency, and the other is how accurately the communities are detected.
A new technique is proposed for the enhancement of security against the eavesdropper in Optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) Spectral amplitude coding (SAC) System. This technique is the combination of real and virtual user's spectral chip, according to the newly developed Zero cross correlation code. The define sequence assign to virtual users, is complement to each other in a group of two users. Probability of code detection of individual user decreases due to virtual user and complement of defined sequence of virtual user, removes the occurrence of single user's code in the channel. The simulation and analytical results show that the proposed scheme has a better performance than existing methods.
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