Background and aims
The lasting impact of COVID 19 pandemic and associated restrictions are bound to be significant on lifestyle-related behaviour including diet, physical activity and sleep which is one of the important components in the management of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. This study was conducted to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess changes in individual’s lifestyle-related behaviour during COVID 19 pandemic.
Materials and methods
The questionnaire was developed through a standardised methodology including literature review, focus group discussion, expert evaluation, pre-testing and validation. The face validity and content validity of the questionnaire were analysed. A cross-sectional survey was carried out on 103 participants to validate the questionnaire that used a 5-point Likert scale for the response option. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to establish construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to test the internal consistency of the whole questionnaire.
Results
A questionnaire with 20 items to assess the lifestyle-related behaviour of people was developed. The questionnaire shows a satisfactory validity and a good internal consistency with the Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.72.
Conclusion
The developed tool is valid and reliable to assess the changes in lifestyle-related behaviour of individuals during COVID 19 pandemic.
Background and aims
The study aims to interpret current knowledge, attitude, perceptions and concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccine in the Indian population.
Methods
Eight focus group discussions were conducted. Participants were recruited via purposive sampling. Discussions were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Key themes were extracted using thematic analysis method.
Results
There were 19 males and 24 females, with a mean age of 36 ± 11 years. Sub-themes identified were knowledge, attitude, perception and concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccine, leading to the main theme, i.e., views about the COVID-19 vaccine.
Conclusion
People have mixed perceptions regarding COVID-19 vaccine. Channelling correct messages may improve people's willingness to get vaccinated.
Objective:
This study was conducted to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle-related behavior related to eating, activity and sleep pattern.
Design:
Indexed study used a mixed method design. Phase I employed qualitative methods for development of questionnaire including literature review, focus group discussion, expert evaluation and pre-testing. Phase II used quantitative methods for establishing construct validity of the questionnaire via parallel factor analysis.
Participants:
Phase 1 involved participation of experts from different fields (Departments of Medicine, Nutrition and Clinical Psychology) and general adult population. For phase II, data was collected from 124 adult respondents (female=57.26%); mean age (36±14.8) years residing in an urban setting.
Results:
The questionnaire consisted of 3 sections: (A) socio-demographic and anthropometric parameters, (B) 24 items each for investigating the change in eating, activity and sleep behavior before versus during COVID-19, (C) 6 items assessing COVID-19 specific reasons for lifestyle change. The Cronbach’s alpha value of the questionnaire is 0.72 suggesting its good internal consistency.
Conclusions:
This appears to be a valid tool to assess the impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle related behaviors with potential utility for public health researchers to identify these changes at community level and develop strategies to reinforce corrective behaviors.
Context:Frictional lichenoid dermatitis.Background:Frictional lichenoid dermatitis (FLE) is an entity that is probably under diagnosed and has been variably associated with either friction and/or atopy with a distinctive seasonal variation.Aims and Objectives:To study correlation of FLE with UV index and to assess its association with atopic dermatitis.Materials and Methods:A cross sectional analysis of children with FLE was done, over a period of 6 years in two tertiary hospitals. A detailed history and examination was done to assess the features of atopic dermatitis. The number of cases seen per month was compared with the mean monthly UV index. Two-tailed significance tests using Pearson's coefficient of correlation and T-test were used to interpret the data. (P < 0.05).Results:One hundred seventy-four patients were studied using the UKC criterion 17.2% of the patients had AD while xerosis (40.3%) was the predominant cutaneous finding. The number of patients seen in summer was more than in winter (P < 0.05) but there was no statistical difference between the cases in winter and spring. There was a significant correlation of the number of cases per month with UV index (P = 0.019). Almost 42% of patients gave a history of recurrence.Conclusions:FLE is probably not associated with atopic dermatitis and is likely to be related to the ambient UV index though a larger cohort with meticulous follow up may be needed to draw a final conclusion.Statistical Analysis Used:The Pearson's coefficient of correlation was used for comparing the cases per month with the UV index. The tests of hypothesis used included the paired T-tests. F-test of variance, Welch test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. P < 0.05 was considered significant.
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