The novel inflammatory marker NLR may be used to predict worse outcomes and hospital mortality in patients with AAD treated by surgical repair.

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Plants are still to be explored for new anticancer compounds because overall success in cancer treatment is still not satisfactory. As a new possible source for such compounds, the lichens are recently taking a great attention. We, therefore, explored both the genotoxic and anti-growth properties of lichen species Parmelia sulcata Taylor. The chemical composition of P. sulcata was analyzed with comprehensive gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry. Anti-growth effect was tested in human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) by the MTT and ATP viability assays, while the genotoxic activity was studied by assays for micronucleus, chromosomal aberration and DNA fragmentation in human lymphocytes culture. Cell death modes (apoptosis/necrosis) were morphologically assessed. P. sulcata inhibited the growth in a dose-dependent manner up to a dose of 100 lg/ml and induced caspase-independent apoptosis. It also showed genotoxic activity at doses ([125 lg/ml) higher than that required for apoptosis. These results suggest that P. sulcata may induce caspase-independent apoptotic cell death at lower doses, while it may be genotoxic at relatively higher doses.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a potent mycotoxin that poses a risk in food and feed moieties and subject to worldwide regulation. Laboratory-based analytical methods are traditionally employed for reliable OTA quantification, but these methods cannot provide rapid and on-site analysis, where biosensors fill this gap. In this study a label-free quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)-based immunosensor for the detection of OTA, which is one of the most important small molecule contaminants, was developed by direct immobilization of OTA to amine-bearing sensor surfaces using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC)/N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) chemistry. The protein-free sensor surface enabled regeneration of sensor surface with 50 mM NaOH and 1% SDS up to 13 times without loss of performance, which would disrupt a protein-containing sensor surface. We developed a QCM immunosensor using the developed sensor surface with a 17.2–200 ng/mL detection range which can be used for on-site detection of feedstuffs.

In this study, methanolic extracts of Parmelia sulcata and Usnea filipendula induced apoptosis-like cell death by causing DNA damage, to cancer cells.

The aim of this study is to determine the chemical composition, and evaluate the genotoxic, and anti-growth potency of the methanol extracts of lichen species Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. (HPE).Anti-growth effect was tested in two different human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) by the MTT and ATP viability assays and apoptosis was assayed by the caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 (M30-antigen). Genotoxic activity of HPE was studied using chromosome aberration and micronuclei tests in human lymphocytes culture in vitro. The chemical composition of H. physodes was analyzed by using direct thermal desorption method coupled with comprehensive gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GCXGC-TOF/MS). Our results indicate that HPE has an anti-growth effect at relatively lower concentrations, while relatively higher concentrations are required for genotoxic activity. HPE, therefore, seems to represent a therapeutic potential and poses new challenges for medicinal chemistry.

Objective To investigate whether inflammation based scores including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR) predict the slow flow (SF)/no-reflow (NR) phenomenon comparatively in patients with non–ST-elevated Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods Current study is retrospective designed and includes 426 NSTEMI patients (mean age of 56.8 ± 11.4 years). The patients were grouped into non slow flow/no-reflow and slow flow/no-reflow groups according to postintervention thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade. Results The slow flow/no-reflow group had significantly higher MHR and lower LMR values than the non slow flow/no-reflow group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively). Lower LMR [odds ratio (OR): 0.659, P < 0.01] and higher MHR (OR: 1.174, P = 0.04) were independent predictors of slow flow/no-reflow phenomenon in model 1 and 2 multivariate analyses, respectively. Furthermore, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (OR: 0.934, P = 0.01; OR: 0.930, P < 0.01), smoking (OR: 2.279, P = 0.03; OR: 2.118, P = 0.04), Syntax score (1.038, P = 0.04; 1.046, P = 0.01) and high thrombus grade (OR: 7.839, P < 0.01; OR: 8.269, P < 0.01), independently predicted the slow flow/no-reflow development in both multivariate analysis models, respectively. The predictive performance of LMR and MHR was not different (P = 0.88), but both predictive powers were superior to NLR (P < 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively). Conclusion The MHR and LMR may be useful inflammatory biomarkers for identifying high-risk individuals for the development of slow flow/no reflow in NSTEMI patients who underwent PCI.

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