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Mungbean (V. radiata) is an important Asiatic legume supplying inexpensive protein to a vast majority of vegetarian masses. To increase markers repertoire in mungbean, a study was conducted to analyse 384 microsatellite markers derived from common bean, scarlet runner bean and adzuki bean for their transferability and polymorphism. The results showed that 87 (24.71%) primer pairs could amplify DNA loci of 20 mungbean genotypes including one accession of V. trilobata, while 52 showed reliable banding and polymorphism. These showed different degrees of variability at each locus producing 250 alleles with the number of alleles varying from 2 to 9. The major allele frequency varied from 0.17 to 0.95, while the polymorphic information content of SSRs ranged between 0.09 and 0.86 with an average of 0.60 AE 0.16. UPGMA revealed three major clusters accommodating~95% of the accessions while one accession of V. trilobata ('NSB-007') did not group with any other genotype describing the discriminating power of informative microsatellites. This study identified a set of useful microsatellite markers to accelerate the genetic studies and breeding programme of mungbean.Key words: Vigna radiata -simple sequence repeat markersPhaseolus coccineus Mungbean (Vigna radiata var. radiata) is an inexpensive source of protein for vegetarian diets. It is extensively grown in south and south-east Asia, while its largest production comes from India. In 2013-14, it was grown on about 3.38 m ha in the country with a production of 1.60 mt. It has a short crop cycle, low input requirements and ability to survive in a wide range of adverse soil and climatic conditions and therefore can be grown across different climates (spring, summer, winter and rainy seasons) in different parts of the subcontinent as a sole, relay, or intercrop (Pratap et al. 2014a,b). Summer cultivation of mungbean is a rewarding experience which is becoming increasingly popular among Asian farmers. However, susceptibility of mungbean to yellow mosaic disease (YMD) caused by mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) and mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV), and its sensitivity to photo-thermo periods and infestation of thrips, especially during reproductive phase, limit its production considerably. Further, being confined to the Asian regions, this crop has received little attention from global research community till now and is less studied as compared to other grain legumes such as chickpea, pigeon pea, common bean and soybean. Use of molecular markers in this crop is further still limited due to slow development of genomic resources such as availability of polymorphic trait-specific markers.An understanding of the genetic and genomic relationships of extant mungbean species and cultivars is critical for the further utilization of mungbean genetic diversity and genomic information in the development of superior cultivars. There are different genetic approaches for assessment of genetic diversity in germplasm accessions, breeding lines and segregating populations b...
Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) is economically most important crop of Vigna group. It is also known as green gram, golden gram, moong, Chickasaw, Oregon pea, and chop suey bean and this legumes have a strategic position in Southeast Asian countries for nutritional security and sustainable crop production. Being rich in quality protein, minerals and vitamins, they are inseparable ingredients in the diets of a vast majority of Indian population. When supplemented with cereals, they provide a perfect mix of essential amino acids with high biological value. These crops have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen (58-109 kg per ha in kg per ha mungbean) in symbiotic association with Rhizobium bacteria, which enables them to meet their own nitrogen requirement and also benefit the succeeding crops. This crop has also been reported to smother weed flora appreciably (20-45%) when intercropped with tall cereals or pigeonpea and consequently, minimize the cost incurred on weed control. On account of short duration and photo-thermo insensitivity, they are considered excellent crops for crop intensification and diversification. A seed of mungbean is highly nutritious containing 24-28% protein, 1.0-1.5% fat, 3.5-4.5% fibre, 4.5-5.5% ash and 59-65% carbohydrates on dry weight basis and provide 334-344 kcal energy. Mungbean protein is considered to be easily digestible. Mungbean are tropical grain legumes widely grown in the subtropical countries of South and Southeast Asia. Nevertheless, these crops are cultivated over a wide range of latitudes in the regions where average diurnal temperatures during the growing season are warmer than about 20°C.
The present study was undertaken to perform the multivariate analysis in green gram using twenty-one green gram genotypes. The extent of genetic divergence revealed that these genotypes could be grouped into ten and five clusters, following Tochers and non-hierarchical Euclidian clustering methods, respectively. Based on the maximum diversity obtained in Tochers method genotype KM 10-1064 of cluster V and genotypes KM 10-1046, KM 10-1059 and KM 10-1070 of cluster VI were found suitable for improving the plant structure, whereas concerning high diversity along with high trait contribution towards total divergence, the clusters KM 10-1064 of cluster V and KM 10-1042 of cluster VIII were found to be appropriate for hybridization. The genotype KM 10-1068, which represents the mono genotypic cluster in case of both the clustering methods signifies that it could be the most diverse from other genotypes and it would be the suitable candidate for hybridization with genotypes present in other clusters to tailor the agriculturally important traits and ultimately, to enhance the seed yield in green gram.
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