-We analyze the error performance of a wireless communication system employing transmit-receive diversity in Rayleigh fading. By focussing on the complex Gaussian statistics of the independent and identically distributed entries of the channel matrix, we derive a formula for the characteristic function (c.f.) of the maximum output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We use this c.f. to obtain a closed-form expression of the symbol error probability (SEP) for coherent binary keying. An approximate expression for the SEP when the average SNR per branch is large is also obtained. The method can be easily extended to obtain the SEP of M-ary modulation schemes.

We analyze the error performance of a wireless communication system employing transmit-receive diversity in Rayleigh fading. By focussing on the complex Gaussian statistics of the independent and identically distributed entries of the channel matrix, we derive a formula for the characteristic function (c.f.) of the maximum output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We use this c.f. to obtain a closed-form expression of the symbol error probability (SEP) for coherent binary keying. An approximate expression for the SEP when the average SNR per branch is large is also obtained. The method can be easily extended to obtain the SEP of M -ary modulation schemes.0-7803-7206-9/01/$17.00

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A technical and feasibility assessment has been conducted for catalytic cracking of waste plastics to produce fuel oils in Malaysia. The availability and current technologies for using plastic waste has been reviewed. Flow sheet for the process has been conceptualized and the material and energy balances for the process along with a plant‐wide simulation using the software ASPEN Plus have been undertaken. Amorphous silica‐alumina has been proposed as catalyst to give 94.36% conversion. Furthermore, the economic analyses for small, medium, and large scale have been done and in all cases, the rates of return (ROR) analysis have been undertaken. From the economic analysis, it has been observed that the total estimated cost for a large scale plant would be USD $58,591,260 for an annual feed rate of 120,000 ton. Based on current market of gasoline and diesel the payback period for the large scale plant would be 1.42 yr with the total annual profit of USD $72,933,156, which corresponds to a ROR of 35.97%. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 33: 298–307, 2014

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In this study, the authors propose a speech recognition system using harmonic structure related information to detect harmonic features in noisy environment. The proposed algorithm first extracts the harmonic components contained inside the speech signals using sine function convolution. By setting the frequency of the sine function as equal to the fundamental frequency of speech signals, harmonic components can be extracted out. The reconstructed signal obtained by summing up the extracted harmonic components is found to have a high degree of correlation with the original signal. The extracted frame energy measure of the harmonic components has been further processed to become dynamic harmonic features and then used together with the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) front-end processed mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) feature or the perceptual linear prediction (PLP) feature in the speech recognition system. The proposed enhanced speech recognition system shows a better recognition rate over the ETSI front-end processed MFCC (or PLP)-based speech recognition system.

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