Our aim was to determine the association of diabetes mellitus with ABO and Rhesus(Rh) blood groups. 100 blood samples were taken(50 healthy controls and 50 diabetic patients) and analysed for blood sugar(GODPOD method) and blood group(using standard antisera). Patients having fasting blood sugar>126mg/dl were considered diabetic. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test. Frequency of blood group B was high in both patients(46%) and controls(44%). The order of distribution in both groups were similar(i.e B>O>A>AB). Blood groups A(16%) and O(36%) were more common in control groups whereas AB(8%) in diabetics. Rh positivie blood group was more frequent in diabetics than compared to controls. No association of blood group and Rh factor with diabetes mellitus was observed(p>0.05). Similarly genderwise association also could not be developed(p>0.05). No association existed between blood group and diabetes mellitus. Extensive study is needed to establish the correlation.
Background: Hypertension is a hallmark risk factor for coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular stroke, congestive heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia, cardiomyopahy and abnormal renal function. Free radicals are involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension by altering endothelial function via oxidative stress. Aims & Objective: To assess the level of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase, Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) in hypertensive patients. Materials and Methods: 100 hypertensive patients and 25 healthy controls were included. Serum levels of enzymes and MDA were estimated by spectrophotometric methods. Results: The level of antioxidant enzymes were significantly lower and MDA was significantly higher in hypertensive patients as compared to controls (p<0.05). For SOD, significant difference could not be obtained between controls and stage I hypertensives with drugs (p>0.05). We also compared the enzymes and MDA level within the hypertensive groups. Significant results were obtained (p<0.05, 0.01). On comparison between stage I and stage II hypertensive without and with drugs, we found that hypertensive patients on drug have significantly higher level of antioxidant enzymes and lower level of MDA than those without anti-hypertensive drugs (p<0.01). Conclusion: Our study shows that hypertension is associated with oxidative stress. Adequate control of blood pressure and antihypertensive therapy decrease the oxidative stress, improves antioxidant status and endothelial function.
Background: Anaemia in pregnancy (AIP) is one of the most common preventable causes of maternal morbidity and poor prenatal outcome. World Health Organization (WHO) has accepted up to 11 gm/dl as the normal hemoglobin (Hb) level in pregnancy. In Haryana state, the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women is 50.2% in urban areas and 58.1% in rural areas. Pregnant women are predominantly susceptible to nutritional deficiencies because of the increased metabolic demands imposed by pregnancy and its related factors. The aim and objective of the study was to determine the behavioural factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women delivering at a tertiary care hospital in Haryana.Methods: This hospital-based case control study was carried out in BPS Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat (Haryana). Study was conducted for one year. One hundred sixty-eight pregnant women were enrolled for study. Inclusion criteria for cases and controls was age of 18 years and above and residents of Sonepat district. Analysis was performed by using R statistical software.Results: The majority 57 (67.9%) of cases and 49 (58.3%) of controls were in age group of 18-24 years. Among different behavioral risk factors studied, not using bed nets, not wearing shoes consistently, eating pica and no use of the other drugs during pregnancy were significantly associated with anemia during pregnancy. However, on Multivariable Logistic regression analysis, the major behavioral risk factors for anemia were not using bed net during pregnancy (AOR: 1.83, 95% CI: 0.68-5.01), and not wearing shoes consistently during pregnancy (AOR: 2.77, 95% CI: 0.83-10.01). The odds of getting anaemia in pregnant mothers who reported pica during their pregnancy was AOR = 2.85 (CI: 0.90 – 10.01) than odds of mothers who did not report pica during their pregnancy.Conclusions: Consistent use of bed net, wearing shoes and not consuming pica prevent anaemia during pregnancy.
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