In the learning context of 21st century, teachers encounter many challenges in optimizing the process and the outcome of learning. Students who have higher order thinking skills will be able to think of scientific creativity, critical thinking and creative thinking. In this study, identification is done by measuring the ability of scientific creativity, critical thinking and creative thinking skills by HOTS student worksheet. The result showed that student’s scientific creativity with 6 indicators need to be develop esspecialy for physics problem solving and technical production. For critical thinking skills students obtain moderate results but have shown good results in answering physics problem. For creative thinking skills students get good results on the indicator fluency, flexibility and elaboration but for the originality still needs to be developed. Therefore, it is very important to develop a proper physics intructional design that can develop scientific creativity, crtical thinking and creative thinking skills.
Abstrak -Penelitian bertujuan mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis mahasiswa melalui sistem e-learning. Metode yang digunakan adalah 2R2D yang dikembangkan oleh Willis. Tahapan penelitian ini terdiri dari pendefinisian, perencanaan dan menyebarluaskan. Data diperoleh melalui pretest, angket dan posttest dengan bentuk instrument berupa lembar angket dan butir soal berpikir kritis. Subyek penelitian adalah 35 Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika Universitas Jember yang memprogram pada mata kuliah Fisika Sekolah I. Hasil indikator yang dikembangkan dalam berpikir kritis adalah interprestasi, analisis, evaluasi dan inferensi. Validasi ahli menjukkan bahwa perangkat yang dikembangkan adalah cukup valid. Terjadi peningkatan rata-rata pada uji coba perangkat. Berdasarkan penelitian didapatkan simpulan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran dengan sistem e-learning meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis mahasiswa. Kata kunci: Sistem e-learning, keterampilan berpikir kritisAbstract -The research aims to develop a learning tool to improve students critical thinking skills through e-learning system. 2R2D method developed by Willis is used as a research method. The research steps are defining, planning and disseminate. Data were obtained through a pretest, posttest questionnaire and the form of instruments were questionnaire and critical thinking test. Subjects were thirty five Physics Education Program Study at Jember of University who do programming in the School Physics I course. The result of the developed indicators in critical thinking are interpretation, analysis, evaluation and inference. Experts has validate that the developed learning tool is valid, with an increase of an average value on a test phase. The result concluded that the e-learning system will improve students critical thinking skills.
This study aimed to analyze the fermentation process of Civet Coffee through Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) magnetic field radiation. The research method used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experimental. The sample of high quality pulped coffee that fermented by adding α- amylase and is grouped in seven. The six groups are exposed by ELF magnetic field in 100 μT and 300μT for 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 45 minutes, and one group is served as the control. The result indicated that the population of Lactobacillus in the experiment groups increases significantly compared to the control. The exposed sample achieves the highest population in 300 μT intensity for 45 minutes. Also, the total of pH during the fermentation process did not show any significant changes. ELF magnetic field exposure in 300 μT optimized Lactobacillus proliferation drastically in the fermentation process of artificial Civet coffee. This research can contribute to developing fermentation technology based on ELF magnetic field radiation as well as improving the quality of artificial Civet coffee.
<p>Permintaan jagung terus meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya permintaan untuk pangan, pakan, dan industri. Peluang ekspor juga semakin meningkat karena negara penghasil jagung utama mulai membatasi volume ekspornya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) menganalisis perkembangan luas pertanaman jagung 2) menganalisis karakteristik petani dan usahatani jagung, 3) mengestimasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi jagung, 4) menganalisis rantai pemasaran, margin pemasaran dan pangsa harga petani. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada September 2015 di Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Data primer didapatkan lewat survei terhadap 30 petani jagung, sedangkan data sekunder lewat data BPS, hasil penelitian, dan penelusuran data lainnya. Analisis data dilakukan dengan regresi linier berganda, trend produksi, analisis finansial dengan menghitung B/C dan R/C, analisis saluran pemasaran, margin pemasaran, dan pangsa harga petani. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 1) Rata-rata produktivitas dalam lima tahun terakhir (2010-2014) adalah 3,69 t/ha meskipun varietas Bisi-2 yang terbanyak digunakan petani memiliki potensi hasil 6,9 t/ha, 2) Karakteristik umur petani, tingkat pendidikan, tanggungan dan pengalaman bertani dapat menjadi investasi yang baik 214 Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian, Vol. 19, No.3, November 2016: 213-226 dalam mengembangkan usahatani, 3) Analisis finansial menunjukkan B/C 1,01 dan R/C 2,01, 4) Hasil uji koefisien,hasil uji t atau nilai probabilitas sig menunjukkan bahwa pupuk urea dan SP-36 memiliki nilai t-hitung masing-masing 2,513 dan 2,293 atau berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi jagung pada α5%, sedangkan faktor lainnya tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi jagung, dan 5) Terdapat dua saluran pemasaran yang ada. Margin saluran pemasaran I dan saluran pemasaran II dengan produk akhir jagung pipilan kering adalah saluran pemasaran yang efisien, sedangkan pangsa harga petani terbesar pada saluran pemasaran dengan produk pipilan kering.</p><p>ABSTRACT<br /><br />Analyses of Maize Production and Market Chain in South Minahasa District North Sulawesi Province.<br />Maize demand continues to rise in line with the increasing demand for food, feed and industrials. Export opportunities have also increased due to major producing countries of maize restricting their export volumes. This study aimed to 1) analyse the development of maize plantation area 2) analyse the farmers’characteristics and maize farming, 3) estimate the various factors affecting maize production and 4) analyse market chain, market margin and the farmer's share. The data were collected in September 2015 in South Minahasa district, South North province. Types of data collected were primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through a survey to 30 maize farmers while secondary data were gathered from Statistics Bureau, research results, and other data. Data were analysed using multiple linear regression, production trend, B/C and R/C for financial analysis, market channel analysis, market margin and the farmer's share. The results showed that 1) the average productivity of maize within the last five years (2010-2014) was 3.69 t/ha though Bisi-2 variety has a potential yield by 6.9 t/ha, 2) Characteristics of farmers such age, education level, dependents and farming experience can be a good investment to develop farming, 3) The financial analysis obtained B/C by 1.01 and R/C by 2.01, 4) Results of coefficients test, t-test or a probability value sig indicated that t count of urea and SP-36 were 2.513 and 2.293 respectively or they significantly affected maize production at α5% while other factors had no a significant effect on maize production and 5) There were 2 existing marketing channels. Channels I and II were the efficient market channels with a dried corn as a final product whereas the market channel with grain maize products was the largest farmer's share.</p>
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