<p>Local rice is a potential germplasm as a source of genes that control important properties in rice plants. The research aimed to characterize the morphological character of local rice cultivars of North Sulawesi. The research was conducted from January to June 2015 in North Sulawesi. The method used was the descriptive qualitative method. Exploration was done by collecting samples of local rice cultivars in North Sulawesi. Each cultivar was characterized its morphological characters according to the Characterization and Evaluation Guidelines of Rice Germplasm. The local rice found in North Sulawesi were 10 varieties, namely Pulo Sawah, Superwin, CK, Serwo, Pilihan, Sako, Sito Merah, Sito Putih, TB, and Serayu. There were similarities of the characters from all local rice varieties of North Sulawesi, such as culm (culm strength and culm habit), leaf character (basal leaf sheath color, leaf blade color, collar color, and auricle color), and flower character (panicle exsertion and panicle attitude of branches). The character of grain morphology was very diverse for all local rice varieties of North Sulawesi.</p>
<p>Permintaan jagung terus meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya permintaan untuk pangan, pakan, dan industri. Peluang ekspor juga semakin meningkat karena negara penghasil jagung utama mulai membatasi volume ekspornya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) menganalisis perkembangan luas pertanaman jagung 2) menganalisis karakteristik petani dan usahatani jagung, 3) mengestimasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi jagung, 4) menganalisis rantai pemasaran, margin pemasaran dan pangsa harga petani. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada September 2015 di Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Data primer didapatkan lewat survei terhadap 30 petani jagung, sedangkan data sekunder lewat data BPS, hasil penelitian, dan penelusuran data lainnya. Analisis data dilakukan dengan regresi linier berganda, trend produksi, analisis finansial dengan menghitung B/C dan R/C, analisis saluran pemasaran, margin pemasaran, dan pangsa harga petani. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 1) Rata-rata produktivitas dalam lima tahun terakhir (2010-2014) adalah 3,69 t/ha meskipun varietas Bisi-2 yang terbanyak digunakan petani memiliki potensi hasil 6,9 t/ha, 2) Karakteristik umur petani, tingkat pendidikan, tanggungan dan pengalaman bertani dapat menjadi investasi yang baik 214 Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian, Vol. 19, No.3, November 2016: 213-226 dalam mengembangkan usahatani, 3) Analisis finansial menunjukkan B/C 1,01 dan R/C 2,01, 4) Hasil uji koefisien,hasil uji t atau nilai probabilitas sig menunjukkan bahwa pupuk urea dan SP-36 memiliki nilai t-hitung masing-masing 2,513 dan 2,293 atau berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi jagung pada α5%, sedangkan faktor lainnya tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi jagung, dan 5) Terdapat dua saluran pemasaran yang ada. Margin saluran pemasaran I dan saluran pemasaran II dengan produk akhir jagung pipilan kering adalah saluran pemasaran yang efisien, sedangkan pangsa harga petani terbesar pada saluran pemasaran dengan produk pipilan kering.</p><p>ABSTRACT<br /><br />Analyses of Maize Production and Market Chain in South Minahasa District North Sulawesi Province.<br />Maize demand continues to rise in line with the increasing demand for food, feed and industrials. Export opportunities have also increased due to major producing countries of maize restricting their export volumes. This study aimed to 1) analyse the development of maize plantation area 2) analyse the farmers’characteristics and maize farming, 3) estimate the various factors affecting maize production and 4) analyse market chain, market margin and the farmer's share. The data were collected in September 2015 in South Minahasa district, South North province. Types of data collected were primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through a survey to 30 maize farmers while secondary data were gathered from Statistics Bureau, research results, and other data. Data were analysed using multiple linear regression, production trend, B/C and R/C for financial analysis, market channel analysis, market margin and the farmer's share. The results showed that 1) the average productivity of maize within the last five years (2010-2014) was 3.69 t/ha though Bisi-2 variety has a potential yield by 6.9 t/ha, 2) Characteristics of farmers such age, education level, dependents and farming experience can be a good investment to develop farming, 3) The financial analysis obtained B/C by 1.01 and R/C by 2.01, 4) Results of coefficients test, t-test or a probability value sig indicated that t count of urea and SP-36 were 2.513 and 2.293 respectively or they significantly affected maize production at α5% while other factors had no a significant effect on maize production and 5) There were 2 existing marketing channels. Channels I and II were the efficient market channels with a dried corn as a final product whereas the market channel with grain maize products was the largest farmer's share.</p>
This study focuses on land cover and land management changes in relation to food security and environmental services in a semi-arid area of East Nusa Tenggara (ENT) – Indonesia. The study was conducted in Central Sumba District of ENT Province. Classification and regression tree (CART) for land cover classification has been analyzed using machine learning techniques using Google Earth Engine. A survey with Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and followed with in-depth interviews were conducted for primary data collection involving a total of 871 respondents. The Socio-economic data analyzed statistics descriptively and non-parametric tests. The study showed that: 1). There has been a substantial land use change during the devo-lution era that has both positive and negative implications for food security and envi-ronmental services. 2). There has been population pressure in the fertile or agricultur-al land as the direct impact of the development of city infrastructures; and 3). Nation-al intervention through the Food Estate program has fostered and shaped land use change and land management in Central Sumba District. The study highlights the importance that the devolution spirit should help to well manage the limited ara-ble/agricultural land in dominated semi-arid to ensure food security and environment services.
<p>Precision agriculture requires appropriate characters of human resources to implement it. It is an integrated agricultural system based on information and production to increase business efficiency, productivity and profitability. The concept of precision agriculture, as one of the latest agricultural technology packages, was born along with the emergence of the millennial generation, namely those born between 1980 and 2000.This paper discusses the character of precision agriculture and necessity to apply it and its link to the millennial generation in terms of their character suitability and capacity. Application of precision agriculture requires the millennial generation’s ability to create, engineer and operate modern agricultural systems based on this new technology. Applying precision agriculture in Indonesia deals with various characteristics of the millennial generation due to different regional and socio-economic conditions. The government should provide infrastructure and conduct millennial farmers training to achieve social, economic, and environmental benefits of precision agriculture implementation.</p>
The research aims to find out the types, levels of people's preferences as well as factors that affect local food consumption, especially carbohydrate source food in Marore archipelago. The research was conducted in Marore sub-district, namely Kawio and Marore Village which carried out by using survey methods. The results showed that types of local food farmed by the people of Kawio and Marore villages are cassava, daluga, taro yam, sweet potato, banana, and sago as a source of carbohydrates but the farming system and post-harvest handling are still traditional. The level of food preference of people between Kawio and Marore villages are difference. Based on education level, there is a significant real negative correlation for bananas, based on the age, the correlation is significant for cassava and bananas, and based on income per capita there is no correlation. The level of preference for food is generally from ordinary to like very much in the border area of Sangihe Islands influenced by the availability of food, the consumption patterns of local community and the community’s access to get food. Cassava is the most preffered type of food besides rice, so cultivation and post-harvest system must to be optimized.
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