This paper describes identification and components of destructiveness of energy, economic and ecologic profits and outlays during life cycle of offshore wind electric power plants as well as the most useful models for their design, assembly and use. There are characterized technical conditions (concepts, structures, processes) indispensable for increasing profits and/or decreasing energy, economic and ecological outlays on their operation as well as development prospects for global, European and domestic markets of offshore wind electric power industry. A preliminary analysis was performed for an impact of operators, processed objects, living and artificial environmental objects of a 2MW wind electric power plant on possible increase of profits and decrease of outlays as a result of compensation of destructiveness of the system, environment and man.

This article proposes the possibility of applying fuzzy logic theory to perform the tasks of determining the market value of agricultural lands. These tasks are of a multi-criteria character, as multiple factors are taken into consideration during the land value valuation process. The market value of agricultural land plots, calculated using fuzzy logic methods, can provide a basis for further use in the processes that are directly related to their turnover, that is, during auctioning, setting of a land tax, determining of the value of pawn in the land bank. Methodic approach to the determination of the market value of agricultural lands with the application of the methods of fuzzy logic and the package Fuzzy Logic Toolbox of the computing system Matlab is universal. It can be used for assessment of the value of a land plot with any number of indices, having no crisp mathematic model. The proposed method is particularly useful for countries where the agricultural real estate market is still in its early stages of development and will contribute to making it more transparent and thus it can be a significant tool supporting the sustainable development of the agricultural real estate market. Agricultural land market is a vital ingredient of the system for sustainable development of rural areas.

A b s t r a c t. The paper presents the results of a study of the use of electro-separation methods for improvement of the utility value of 5 winter rapeseed cultivars. The process of electro-separation of rapeseed was conducted on a prototype apparatus built at the Laboratory of Application of Electro-technologies in Agriculture, Lviv National Agriculture University. The process facilitated separation of damaged, low quality seeds from the sowing material. The initial mean level of mechanically damaged seeds in the winter rapeseed cultivars studied varied within the range of 15.8-20.1%. Verification of the amount of seeds with mechanical damage was performed on X-ray images of seeds acquired by means of a digital X-ray apparatus. In the course of analysis of the X-ray images, it was noted that the mean level of mechanical damage to the seeds after the electro-separation was in the range of 2.1-3.8%. The application of the method of separation of rapeseeds in the corona discharge field yielded a significant reduction of the level of seeds with mechanical damage. The application of the method in practice may effectively contribute to improvement of the utility value of sowing material or seed material for production of edible oil.K e y w o r d s: winter rapeseeds, electro-separation, utility value INTRODUCTION Ukraine has high potential for production of winter rapeseed, which can be used as raw material for production of edible and industrial oils (biofuels) as well as for fodder purposes (oil cake and extraction cake). During the period from 2008 to 2012, the area of rapeseed cultivation in Ukraine increased from 386.8 to 1 033 thousand ha, and rapeseed production during that period increased from 605.7 thousand to 1.9 mln t (Markov, 2012). The regions of West Ukraine, have especially favourable soil-climate conditions for production of this valuable material. It is worth emphasising that among the primary oil-bearing crops in the world winter rapeseed ranks third after soybean and cotton. In the EU countries, the mean productivity of rapeseed is 3.0-4.0 t ha -1 . In Ukraine, the yields of winter rapeseed are at the level of 1.5-2.0 t ha -1 . One of the causes of such low productivity is sowing of seeds with non-uniform quality traits, with defects mainly in the form of mechanical damage. A negative impact is exerted by seeds with damage in the form of disturbed natural continuity of the seed cover and deformation of cotyledons and the germ part. The above reasons indicate a need for popularization of the method of electro-separation of sowing material with respect to homogeneity of biological traits that guarantee high yielding; in the case of seeds for production of edible oil, it is essential to reduce the level of qualitative losses related to oxidation of oil in material destined for consumption. Electric properties of agricultural products of biological origin have been of interest for many years. From the macroscopic point of view, agricultural products can be regarded as non-homogeneous semiconductors o...

The operation of an agricultural biogas plant is associated with the formation of a large amount of digestate. The basic trend in digestate management, after taking into account its physicochemical properties, should be its use as a fertilizer. The possibility of the agricultural use of digestate as a fertilizer was determined. Digestate obtained from the agricultural biogas plant was tested for the content of macronutrients and heavy metals. The content of macronutrients was also determined in soil for winter rape cultivation. The analysis showed an increase in the yield depending on the digestate dose applied. In addition, an increase in the fat and protein content was found in winter rape seeds. The best results of mean values were obtained during the application of the 50,000 L ha−1 dose. The average diameter of the stem base was 1.48 cm. The average height was 36.20 cm. The seed yield was 3.44 t ha−1. The thousand seed weight was—5.34 g. The fat and protein contents were 43.62% and 22.95%, respectively. By applying a digestate dose of 50,000 L ha−1, the highest content of macronutrients, as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (31.17%), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (61.89%) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) (6.87%), was recorded.