The incidence of tumor seeding after laparoscopic oncological surgery is rare and does not appear greater than what has been historically reported for open surgery. Tumor seeding seems to be most commonly related to the removal of high grade tumors and deviation from oncological surgical principles.

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Ureteral stents impaired the quality of sexual life in male and female subjects. In men the most important distress was in regard to erectile function, probably related to lower urinary tract symptoms. Conversely female sexuality appeared to be severely impaired due to stent related psychological concerns.

Introduction Urinary incontinence (UI) is a debilitating condition that can cause discomfort, embarrassment, loss of confidence; it can lead to withdrawal from social life, and adversely affects physical and mental health, sexual function and quality of life (QoL) in women. Aim The aim is to determine the impact of combined pelvic floor rehabilitation (PFR) on UI, female sexual dysfunction, and QoL. Main Outcome Measures Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire (FSFI) and King’s Health Questionnaire (KHQ). Methods Sixteen patients with UI were selected and underwent a complete PFR program (biofeedback, functional electrical stimulation, pelvic floor muscles exercises, and vaginal cones). Patient filled out the FSFI questionnaire and the KHQ at the baseline and at follow-up. Results After PFR none of the patients reported urine leakage during sexual activity. Resolution of incontinence was achieved in 13 (81.25%) women. Only three (18.75%) patients had positive 1-hour pad test after the treatment. There was significant difference between pad test leakage before and after the PFR (P <0.001). The mean Stamey incontinence score was 1.37 ± 0.5 at the baseline vs. 0.25 ± 0.57 at the follow up (P <0.001). Before PFR, FSFI total score ranged from 25.8 to 2 (mean 14.65 ± 6.88), after treatment the FSFI total score ranged from 36 to 2 (mean 22.65 ± 9.5) (P <0.001). The improvement of the scores in the six FSFI domains, 5 months after the conclusion of PFR, was statistically significant (desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain). All the nine domains in the KHQ presented a low average score after treatment and the improvements were statistically significant. Conclusions PFR led to a significant difference in the daily use of pads, 1-hour pad test, and Stamey incontinence scores. The treatment caused an improvement in patient’s QoL index and sexual function.

We surveyed European medical schools regarding teaching of prudent antibiotic prescribing in the undergraduate curriculum. We performed a cross-sectional survey in 13 European countries (Belgium, Croatia, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom) in 2013. Proportional sampling was used, resulting in the selection of two to four medical schools per country. A standardized questionnaire based on literature review and validated by a panel of experts was sent to lecturers in infectious diseases, medical microbiology and clinical pharmacology. In-depth interviews were conducted with four lecturers. Thirty-five of 37 medical schools were included in the study. Prudent antibiotic use principles were taught in all but one medical school, but only four of 13 countries had a national programme. Interactive teaching formats were used less frequently than passive formats. The teaching was mandatory for 53% of the courses and started before clinical training in 71%. We observed wide variations in exposure of students to important principles of prudent antibiotic use among countries and within the same country. Some major principles were poorly covered (e.g. reassessment and duration of antibiotic therapy, communication skills). Whereas 77% of the respondents fully agreed that the teaching of these principles should be prioritized, lack of time, mainly due to rigid curriculum policies, was the main reported barrier to implementation. Given the study design, these are probably optimistic results. Teaching of prudent antibiotic prescribing principles should be improved. National and European programmes for development of specific learning outcomes or competencies are urgently needed.

The objective was to assess sexual function at long-term follow-up after the Nesbit operation for Peyronie's disease.One hundred and ®fty seven out of 213 patients treated between 1986 and 1998 using the Nesbit procedure were reassessed by means of IIEF-5 questionnaire together with two questions about residual deformity and treatment satisfaction. The results from this questionnaire together with the patient case records constitute the basis of this paper.After an average 72-month follow-up subjective patient determination of satisfaction indicated that 87.9% were satis®ed with the results of surgery, 136 patients (86.7%) had good erectile function (IIEF-5 b 21). Shortening of the penis (from 1.5 to 3 cm) occurred in 22 patients (14%), but only in 2 (1.3%) was intercourse dif®cult because of excessive shortening.In conclusion, the Nesbit's operation results in the greatest amount of patient satisfaction about sexual function. When penile shortening occurs, it has not been a signi®cant problem for patients who are properly counselled.

Regular self-administration of P. niruri after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for renal stones results in an increased stone-free rate that appears statistically significant for lower caliceal location. Its efficacy and the absolute lack of side effects make this therapy suitable to improve overall outcomes after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for lower pole stones.