Tumor Seeding in Urological Laparoscopy: An International Survey

Abstract

The incidence of tumor seeding after laparoscopic oncological surgery is rare and does not appear greater than what has been historically reported for open surgery. Tumor seeding seems to be most commonly related to the removal of high grade tumors and deviation from oncological surgical principles.

Unusual Metastases after Robot Assisted Radical Cystectomy: A Case Report

“…Robot Assisted Radical Cystectomy (RARC) has gained popularity and has shown similar oncological outcomes to open surgery [2]. Port site and unusual metastases after minimally invasive approach are rarely reported in the literature [3][4][5][6]. To the best of our knowledge no isolated metastases to infraclavicular region after RARC has been documented in literature.…”

“…Port site metastases after RARC have been seen in higher stage diseases only [6][7][8]. Various factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of port site metastases after laparoscopic surgeries including, Pneumoperitoneum related, surgical technique, and local immune system dysfunction [5,7,8]. Recurrences after RARC can be either local or distant.…”

“…Various studies have reported a low incidence of port site metastases after laparoscopic uro-oncological procedures [3][4][5]. Robotic surgery is a newer modality for managing complex uro-oncological procedures, providing better vision, improved dexterity, and similar oncological outcomes compared to open procedures.…”

Port-site Metastasis after Minimally Invasive Surgery for Urological Malignancy: A Review of Literature

“…In urothelial cancers, port-site recurrence has been reported in a total of 13 cases, as reviewed by Micali et al 8 in an international survey of 19 urologic laparoscopic centers performing a total of 18,750 laparoscopic procedures for urologic malignancies. The incidence was 0.12% (13 of 10,912).…”

“…Port-site metastasis after laparoscopic extirpative surgery for renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) is extremely rare. Micali et al 8 identified no instances of port-site recurrence in 2,604 cases of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for RCC. Port-site metastasis is a rare complication of laparoscopic intervention in urologic malignancies.…”