The present work is focused on fabrication of novel nanofiber (NF) mat as wound-healing scaffold using blends of novel combination of
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
leaves mucilage (HLM)–Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–Pectin,
which was never reported previously. Different ratios of the polymeric blends were electrospun by setting different parameters to achieve best possible electrospun nanofiber mat which was later crosslinked by glutaraldehyde vapor. The optimized formulation of nanofiber mat was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The crosslinked sample was evaluated for its efficacy in wound healing using Swiss albino mice model, where rapid healing of excised wound was observed with faster epithelization in test mice group than control mice within a period of 8 days. The hemolysis test with optimized crosslinked nanofiber mat CrNF(S7-CL) indicated it to be hemo-compatible. There were no traces of optimized CrNF(S7-CL) when placed under the skin hypodermis in test mice groups revealing its biodegradable nature. The degradation pattern of CrNF(S7-CL) in soil reflects its eco-friendly behavior. Thus, the prepared nanofiber grade CrNF(S7-CL) can be considered as a novel material for faster wound healing and can also be explored for other biomedical applications.
Exosomes are nanosized (size ~ 30–150 nm) natural vesicular structures released from cells by physiological processes or pathological circumstances. Exosomes are growing in popularity as a result of their many benefits over conventional nanovehicles, including their ability to escape homing in the liver or metabolic destruction and their lack of undesired accumulation before reaching their intended targets. Various therapeutic molecules, including nucleic acids, have been incorporated into exosomes by different techniques, many of which have shown satisfactory performance in various diseases. Surface-modified exosomes are a potentially effective strategy, and it increases the circulation time and produces the specific drug target vehicle. In this comprehensive review, we describe composition exosomes biogenesis and the role of exosomes in intercellular signaling and cell–cell communications, immune responses, cellular homeostasis, autophagy, and infectious diseases. In addition, we discuss the role of exosomes as diagnostic markers, and their therapeutic and clinical implications. Furthermore, we addressed the challenges and outstanding developments in exosome research and discuss future perspectives. In addition to the current status of exosomes as a therapeutic carrier, the lacuna in the clinical development lifecycles along with the possible strategies to fill the lacuna have been addressed.
Myositis is one of the uncommon adverse events following COVID–19
vaccination, and its mechanism is still unclear. In the hope of aiding
in its better understanding, we present a case of myositis following the
first dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Corona Virus Vaccine, evidenced by
serology and MRI.
Background: Though DSM no longer considers homosexuality as a clinical condition, it still remains a contentious issue across social, legal, and religious paradigms. Collectivistic and traditional societies (eg, India) are more reticent in accepting the multifaceted nature of sexuality. This study thereby tries to arrive at a collective understanding about homosexuality. Methods: The study was conducted in the following 3 parts: Focus group discussion (FDG) to unravel the collective understanding of homosexuality in heterosexual young adults. In-depth personal interviews with 3 homosexual persons. In-depth personal interview with 3 heterosexual peers of homosexual persons. Results: Qualitative analysis of the FGDs revealed that the participants share a collective opinion that “lack of acceptance and negative stereotyping of homosexuality” to be a predominant social phenomenon in India. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) of the personal interviews of the homosexual persons revealed experience of social ostracization and unique personal journey toward self-acceptance and adaptation. IPA of the personal interviews of the heterosexual peers disseminate that these people have the agonizing vicarious experience of seeing their friends being discriminated against and also personal experiences of social rejection on account of having a homosexual friend. Conclusion: This study is unique in that it tried to recognize homosexuality from multiple perspectives. Findings suggest that heteronormative hegemony operates insidiously and pervades the boundary of the self-generating “self-doubt.” Understanding these dimensions might help address their unmet needs and identities as well as mitigate stigma surrounding the same.
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