The manufacture of edible film from chicken bone gelatin incorporated with starch is essential for Indonesia, where most Muslims are. This is related to Shari’a law which requires Muslims to consume only halal food. Gelatin made from chicken bones is guaranteed to be halal. This study aimed to determine the process of extracting chicken bone waste with acid solvents, making the edible film, and the characterization of chicken bone edible film. This research started with extracting gelatin from chicken bone waste. The 5 g of extracted chicken bones were mixed with 40% w/v glycerol, starch (0, 5, 10, 15% w/v), and distilled water, then heated at 50°C. The mixture was printed in a petri dish (15 cm in diameter) and dried for 24 hours. The edible films were evaluated for physicochemical and mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, elongation, thickness, water resistance, WVTR, and degradation test. Edible film characterization used FTIR, SEM, XRD, and TGA. The optimum condition of the extraction procedure was obtained by using 5% HCl, which produces 8.22172% yield of gelatin with pH of 6.0, water content of 8%, and ash content of 0.945%. In the thickness test, the more significant the starch concentration added, the greater the thickness of the edible film produced. The edible film exhibited a decrease in tensile strength and an increase in elongation along with increasing starch concentration. The results of the WVTR test were only starch concentrations of 0 and 15% that meet the standards, while all concentrations in the water resistance did. The results of FTIR chicken bones with variations in starch and the addition of glycerol as a plasticizer have functional groups N-H, O-H, C-O, C=O, C-H, C-N. Edible films without the addition of starch were utterly degraded within 30 days.

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Bahan makanan pada umumnya sangat sensitif dan mudah mengalami penurunan kualitas. Salah satu cara untuk mencegah atau memperlambat fenomena tersebut adalah dengan pengemasan yang tepat. Bahan pengemas dari plastik banyak digunakan dengan pertimbangan ekonomis dan memberikan perlindungan yang baik dalam pengawetan. Penggunaan material sintetis tersebut berdampak pada pencemaran lingkungan, sehingga dibutuhkan penelitian mengenai bahan pengemas yang dapat diuraikan. Alternatif penggunaan kemasan yang dapat diuraikan adalah dengan menggunakan edible film. Edible Film didefinisikan sebagai lapisan yang dapat dimakan yang ditempatkan di atas atau di antara komponen makanan, dapat memberikan alternatif bahan pengemas yang tidak berdampak pada pencemaran lingkungan karena menggunakan bahan yang dapat diperbaharui dan harganya murah. Polisakarida seperti pati dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan edible film menggantikan polimer plastik karena ekonomis, dapat diperbaharui, dan memberikan karakteristik fisik yang baik. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan semakin meningkatnya konsentrasi gliserol, maka semakin meningkat pula ketebalan dari edible film tersebut ( 0,097 ± 0,0029% ) pada pati kulit ubi kayu 5 gram dengan variasi gliserol 0,8 ml/gram). Daya kuat tarik yang tertinggi diperoleh pada pati kulit ubi kayu dengan variasi gliserol 0,6 ml/gram yaitu sebesar 2,0 GPa ± 0,4. Sedangkan persentase pemanjangan (elongasi) tertinggi pada pati kulit ubi kayu 5 gram dengan variasi gliserol 0,8 ml/gram yaitu 11%±4%. Penambahan gliserol tidak menunjukkan adanya penambahan gugus fungsi pada edible film, tetapi terjadi interaksi ikatan gaya Van Der Walls dan ikatan hidrogen antar molekul penyusun edible film.

The writing of scientific writing is one of the efforts to develop the profession of teachers of SMA N 2 Tambang in Kampar regency. This training aims to equip teachers in terms of strategies to develop scientific papers properly in accordance with the guidelines of writing, and equip teachers in the publication procedures of scientific papers in the journal. The training of scientific writing is done by varied lecture method and practice. The lecture method is needed to explain the procedure for the preparation of scientific papers, including how to arrange classroom action research into a scientific paper. Methods of practice are needed to allow the participants to write scientific papers in the form of articles for journals. The training activities of the writing of scientific papers as a whole can be said to be well seen from the achievement of the target of the trainee, the achievement of the training objectives, the achievement of the planned material targets, and the ability of the participants in the mastery of the material. The supporting factors for the implementation of Community Service activities are the availability of experts in SMA N 2 Tambang, the enthusiasm of the participants, the support of the principal of the place of administration, and the supporting funds of the faculty.

This research aims to determine characteristics of the magnetic properties of Fe 3 O 4 -(CTAB-Montmorillonite) composites and the effect of variation in Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ concentrations on the characteristics of Fe 3 O 4 -(CTAB-Montmorillonite) composites. Fe 3 O 4 -(CTAB-Montmorillonite) composites were synthesized using an in situ co-precipitation method. The synthesis was carried out by mixing FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O and FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O (in different concentrations) with a mole ratio of Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ by 2:1, which was then mixed into the CTAB-montmorillonite suspension. This mixture was stirred using a magnetic stirrer at 3500 rpm for 30 min. at a temperature of 85 °C, then the ammonia solution 25% was added. reaction lasted for 24 hours. The resulting composites were characterized using XRD, BET, and VSM to measure the magnetic properties of the materials. Results of the XRD data analysis showed that the values of d(311) is equal to 2.5686 Å and d(220) is equal to 2.947 Å, which are the characteristics of the materials known as magnetite. Based on the VSM data obtained, the magnetic saturation (Ms) values for samples of different concentrations were as follows: SH01=14.0 emu/g, SH02= 29.0 emu/g, SH03= 28.9 emu/g, SH04= 45.2 emu/g, and SH05= 64.1 emu/g.