This solar-powered instrument utilized in plant cultivation in hydroponic system was developed to minimize operational cost, to maintain continuity of electrical source and to release dependency from electric utility. The instrument consist of solar tracker to adjust photovoltaic panel position, aquarium pump to distribute the nutrition, humidity and temperature meter to measure humidity and temperature, respectively. To support the function of this instrument 40 watt energy should be provided per hour in average. Following power measurement conducted in 50 Kota, 200WP of solar panel will produce roughly 70 watt at peak hour. The solar energy is stored to a couple of 100AH deep cycle battery, Arduino board microcontroller as brain of the system plays roles to control dc motor and timer and to calculate data signal from RTC, humidity and temperature sensor. The data are then sent to LCD matrix 2x16 which will display the measurement. This instrument is expected to be used by hydroponics farmer in remote area.
Difference and variation of leaves shape is usually used as primary identifier of the plant species. But some plants may have a similar leaf shape and thus require another more accurate identifier. This study applied principal component analysis (PCA) methods for identifying tropical plant species from the shape of the leaves. This method simplified the observed variables by reducing the dimensions of the information that is stored as much as 75%, so it did not eliminate important information and can save the data processing time. There were 100 images of leaves taken from several sides of the leaf in JPEG format with which the shape of leaves were look similar, like citrus (Citrus aurantifolia), durian (Durio zibethinus), guava (Psidium guajava), mango (Mangifera indica), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), avocado (Persea americana), rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), sapodilla (Manilkara zapota), red betel (Piper crocatum) and soursop (Annona muricata). Identification of those 10 kind plant leaves produced 97% accuracy rate. Measurement systems were designed using the K-fold Cross Validation with k = 10, the results of experiments shown omission error occurs on the leaves of guava, jackfruit and red betel while twice commission error were found on the leaves sapodilla and once on citrus leaves.
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan keterampilan menulis teks eksplanasi menggunakan metode karyawisata siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Kecamatan Harau. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 168 orang siswa dengan sampel kelas VIII.4 dengan penarikan sampel menggunakan metode claster random sampling berjumlah 29 siswa. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan tes, tes yang digunalan adalah tes unjuk kerja dengan meminta siswa untuk membuat teks eksplanasi menggunakan metode karyawisata. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh rata-rata 77 yang berada pada tingkat penguasaan 76-85% dengan kualifikasi baik. Simpulan, menulis teks ekslanasi kurang cocok digunakan menggunakan metode karyawisata dilihat dari hasil kerja siswa dengan rata-rata 77 yang berada pada kualifikasi baik. Kata Kunci: menulis teks eksplanasi, metode karyawisata
Artikel ini menjelaskan definisi pirolisis dan pentingnya proses pirolisis dalam konversi termokimia biomassa menjadi bahan bakar. Teknologi pirolisis berpotensi untuk dikembangkan karena ketersediaan sumber bahan biomassa yang sangat melimpah, teknologinya mudah untuk dikembangkan, bersifat ramah lingkungan dan menguntungkan secara ekonomi. Dalam teknik pirolisis, beberapa parameter yang mempengaruhi proses pirolisis adalah perlakuan awal biomassa, kadar air dan ukuran partikel bahan, komposisi senyawa biomassa, suhu, laju pemanasan, laju alir gas, waktu tinggal, jenis pirolisis, jenis reaktor pirolisis dan final produk pirolisis. Reaktor pirolisis adalah alat pengurai senyawa-senyawa organik yang dilakukan dengan proses pemanasan tanpa berhubungan langsung dengan udara luar dengan suhu 300-6000C. Beberapa jenis reaktor pirolisis yang sering digunakan adalah Fixed-Bed Pyrolyzer, Bubbling Fluidized-Bed Reactors, Circulating Fluidized Bed, Ultra–Rapid Pyrolyzer, Rotating Cone, Ablative Pyrolyzer dan Vacuum Pyrolyzer. Teknik pirolisis menghasilkan tiga macam produk akhir, yaitu bio-oil, arang (biochar) dan gas.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.