Blockchain is an emerging field of study in a number of applications and domains. Especially when combine with Internet of Things (IoT) this become truly transformative, opening up new plans of action, improving engagement and revolutionizing many sectors including agriculture. IoT devices are intelligent and have high critical capabilities but low-powered and have less storage, and face many challenges when used in isolation. Maintaining the network and consuming IoT energy by means of redundant or fabricated data transfer lead to consumption of high energy and reduce the life of IoT network. Therefore, an appropriate routing scheme should be in place to ensure consistency and energy efficiency in an IoT network. This research proposes an efficient routing scheme by integrating IoT with Blockchain for distributed nodes which work in a distributed manner to use the communicating links efficiently. The proposed protocol uses smart contracts within heterogeneous IoT networks to find a route to Base Station (BS). Each node can ensure route from an IoT node to sink then base station and permits IoT devices to collaborate during transmission. The proposed routing protocol removes redundant data and blocks IoT architecture attacks and leads to lower consumption of energy and improve the life of network. The performance of this scheme is compared with our existing scheme IoT-based Agriculture and LEACH in Agriculture. Simulation results show that integrating IoT with Blockchain scheme is more efficient, uses low energy, improves throughput and enhances network lifetime.
Nowadays, artificial intelligence systems become actively used for the identification of different diseases using their medical data. Most of existing traditional medical systems are based on the knowledge of experts-doctors. In this thesis, the application of soft computing elements is considered to automate the process of diagnosing diseases, in particularly diagnosing of a heart attack. The research work will offer probable help to the medical practitioners and healthcare sector in making instantaneous resolution during the diagnosis of the diseases. The intelligent system will predict heart attacks from the patient dataset utilizing algorithms and help doctors in making diagnose of these illnesses. In this study, three techniques such as a neural network (back propagation), Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and Adaptative Neuro-Fuzzy System (ANFIS) are considered for the design of the prediction system. The systems are designed using data sets. The data sets contain 1319 samples that includes 8 input attributes and one output. The output refers presence of a heart attack in the patient. For comparative analysis, the simulation results of the ANFIS model is compared with the simulation results of the neural network-based prediction model. The ANFIS model has shown better performance and outperformed NN based model. The obtained simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of using ANFIS model in the identification of heart attacks.
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