Deliberative minipublics are often critiqued for being disconnected with mass democracy. This is problematic from the perspective of legitimacy. If ordinary citizens are not aware of the existence of minipublics, how can citizens consent to the process and outcomes of these processes? One possible design innovation is to widen the pool of citizens randomly invited to take part in minipublics. While not all invited individuals will be selected to join minipublics, inviting a large pool of people, at the very least, may trigger their curiosity to closely observe and scrutinise the debates and recommendations of their fellow citizens. Our article examines the viability of this design feature using the case study of the citizen panel ‘Make Your Brussels – Mobility’. We focus on a group of 336 people who accepted the invitation to participate in the citizen panel but were not among the 40 people selected to participate. We have two major findings. First, despite their initial interest in taking part in a minipublic, these citizens did not follow up on their interest in the minipublic. Second, these citizens do not perceive citizen panels as capable of delivering consensual outcomes. We conclude the article by drawing out implications for deliberative practice, especially in enhancing the legitimacy of minipublics.

40 Plus précisément, il s'agit des expériences ayant débuté entre 2001 et 2018 ; en effet, l'une d'entre elles a démarré en juin 2017 mais s'est terminée en décembre 2019. 41 Plus précisément, sont retenus les cas pour lesquels il a été procédé à un tirage au sort lors d'au moins une des étapes de la sélection des participants et pour lesquels au moins une des personnes tirées au sort s'est in fine effectivement présentée à l'événement délibératif. 42 Ces six cas sont les suivants : Meeting of Minds: A European Citizens' Deliberation on Brain Science (2005), Nos campagnes, demain en Europe (2006), Citizens' Perspectives on the Future of Europe (2007), European Citizens' Consultation in Belgium (2009), Citizen Visions on Science, Technology and Innovation (2009-2010) et Convention citoyenne sur la politique climatique et le sommet de la COP15 sur le climat (2009). Il est à noter dès à présent que, contrairement aux cinq autres, le mini-public Nos campagnes, demain en Europe ( 2006) sera considéré ici, non comme une initiative internationale ou européenne, mais comme une initiative régionale wallonne, bien qu'il ait constitué le volet régional en Belgique de l'European Citizens' Panel on the Future of Rural Areas in Europe (2006Europe ( -2007 et n'aurait pas eu lieu en dehors de la tenue de ce dernier. 43 Nous remercions Quentin Vanleeuw pour son aide lors des deux premières étapes de cette recherche. 147 Pour une analyse détaillée du support et de la perception des parlementaires concernant les instruments de démocratie participative et délibérative en Belgique francophone, cf. C.

The present purpose was to study the influence of the type of training sport practised (long distance running, sprinting, handball) on ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), estimation of time limit (ETL), and heart rate (HR) on running tests. It was hypothesised that these parameters would be related to the type of training sport practised. 31 trained women (10 endurance-trained runners, 10 sprinters, and 11 handball players) performed two exercises to exhaustion on an outdoor track. The first test was a graded run to estimate maximal aerobic speed (SMA), i.e., the minimal speed which elicited maximal oxygen uptake. The second test was a constant all-out run at speed delta 50 (Sdelta50), which corresponded to the speed halfway between SMA and the speed at lactate threshold (SLT), to specify time to exhaustion at this intensity (TLIM). Sensations regarding RPE, ETL, and HR were recorded during these tests. SMA, Sdelta50, and SLT, expressed in absolute values (km x hr.(-1)) were statistically significantly different between groups (p < .05) whereas TLIM was not. The covariance analysis showed that endurance-trained runners perceived the exercise as lighter and presented lower HR than handball players and sprinters for a same running %SMA (p < .05). Moreover, endurance-trained runners felt that they could endure more than the other groups at a given %SMA or relative exhaustion time (%TLIM). These results mean that the type of training sport which has been performed may mediate perceptual responses and influence physiological parameters during exhausting exercises. These results are likely in part related to sport-specificity of the exercise mode used in tests. This point must be taken into consideration by physical trainers who have to prescribe exercise intensities during athletic seasons for different groups of athletes.

with details of the nature of the infringement. We will investigate the claim and if justified, we will take the appropriate steps.

No abstract

No abstract

Version d'auteurs. La version de l'éditeur est disponible à l'adresse url suivante : https://www.crisp.be/librairie/catalogue/2053-les-commissions-deliberativesentreparlementaireset-citoyens-tires-au-sort-au-sein-des-assemblees-bruxelloises-9782870752616.html Ainsi que sur cairn.info : https://www.cairn.info/revue-courrier-hebdomadaire-du-crisp.htm

No abstract