The core area of laparoscopic radical extended right hemicolectomy includes the pancreatic neck, duodenum, and right gastroepiploic vessels. The difficulty lies with the standard treatment of the GCT. A medial-to-lateral approach is more in line with the principle of no-touch in tumor surgery and is applied from lower to upper, inside to outside, and left to right, for both the vessels and plane of dissection. Familiarity with vascular variation and the management of vessels in key areas are essential for successful surgery.
There have been numerous studies applying iridium oxides in different applications to explore their proton-change-based reactions since the 1980s. Iridium oxide can be fabricated directly by applying electrodeposition, sputter-coating method, or oxidation of iridium wire. Generally, there have been currently two approaches in applying iridium oxide to enable its sensing applications. One was to improve or create different electrolytes with (non-)electrodeposition method for better performance of Nernst Constant with the temperature-related system. The mechanism behind the scenes were summarized herein. The other was to change the structure of iridium oxide through different kinds of templates such as photolithography patterns, or template-assisted direct growth methods, etc. to improve the sensing performance. The detection targets varied widely from intracellular cell pH, glucose in an artificial sample or actual urine sample, and the hydrogen peroxide, glutamate or organophosphate pesticides, metal-ions, etc. This review paper has focused on the mechanism of electrodeposition of iridium oxide in aqueous conditions and the sensing applications towards different biomolecules compounds. Finally, we summarize future trends on Iridium oxide based sensing and predict future work that could be further explored.
Background: Despite a rapidly growing body of pertinent literature, the relationship between stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein expression and the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the potential roles of STING as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in the medical management of CRC. Methods: STING expression was examined by immunohistochemistry to evaluate its association with clinicopathological factors. Moreover, the effects of STING on CRC cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and drug resistance were examined. Gene set enrichment analysis was applied to explore potential downstream mechanisms of STING in CRC. Meanwhile, we evaluated the effect of STING on glucose uptake. Results: Our study confirmed that STING expression was significantly up-regulated in CRC tissues, and was associated with TNM stage and a poor prognosis. Additionally, STING promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and drug resistance by mediating AMPK-mTOR signaling. Finally, we confirmed that STING regulates energy metabolism in CRC cells. Conclusions: STING may represent a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for chemosensitization and inhibition of CRC progression.
Purpose
In recent years, natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) has gained widespread attention as an alternative approach. Although the safety and feasibility of NOSES have been well documented, many questions remain open for discussion. The aim of this guideline is to provide more evidence for the promotion of NOSES.
Methods
This guideline has been prepared by the CACA Committee of Colorectal Cancer Society and the International NOSES Alliance, based on the latest evidence.
Results
The guideline on NOSES for colorectal cancer include the definition, classification, technology requirement, indications, technical difficulties and clinical research.
Conclusion
The guideline provides a full introduction of the theoretical and technical aspects of NOSES for colorectal cancer which will beneficial to development of NOSES.
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