Background Caesarean sections (CS) continue to increase worldwide. Multiple and complex factors are contributing to the increase, including non-clinical factors related to individual women, families and their interactions with health providers. This global qualitative evidence synthesis explores women’s preferences for mode of birth and factors underlying preferences for CS. Methods Systematic database searches (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO) were conducted in December 2016 and updated in May 2019 and February 2021. Studies conducted across all resource settings were eligible for inclusion, except those from China and Taiwan which have been reported in a companion publication. Phenomena of interest were opinions, views and perspectives of women regarding preferences for mode of birth, attributes of CS, societal and cultural beliefs about modes of birth, and right to choose mode of birth. Thematic synthesis of data was conducted. Confidence in findings was assessed using GRADE-CERQual. Results We included 52 studies, from 28 countries, encompassing the views and perspectives of pregnant women, non-pregnant women, women with previous CS, postpartum women, and women’s partners. Most of the studies were conducted in high-income countries and published between 2011 and 2021. Factors underlying women preferences for CS had to do mainly with strong fear of pain and injuries to the mother and child during labour or birth (High confidence), uncertainty regarding vaginal birth (High confidence), and positive views or perceived advantages of CS (High confidence). Women who preferred CS expressed resoluteness about it, but there were also many women who had a clear preference for vaginal birth and those who even developed strategies to keep their birth plans in environments that were not supportive of vaginal births (High confidence). The findings also identified that social, cultural and personal factors as well as attributes related to health systems impact on the reasons underlying women preferences for various modes of birth (High confidence). Conclusions A wide variety of factors underlie women’s preferences for CS in the absence of medical indications. Major factors contributing to perceptions of CS as preferable include fear of pain, uncertainty with vaginal birth and positive views on CS. Interventions need to address these factors to reduce unnecessary CS.
La gestión del riesgo en la industria forestal uruguaya Gerenciamento de riscos no setor florestal uruguaio La gestion du risque dans l'industrie de production de bois uruguayenne Risks management in the Uruguayan forest industry
Este trabajo realiza un estudio de los procesos de gestión del riesgo que se desarrollan en dos empresas de producción de celulosa, de origen internacional, que han tenido alto impacto en la realidad industrial uruguaya. Ambas plantas, de origen internacional, pero con diferencias importantes en el funcionamiento de sus casas matrices, son consideradas, en términos de seguridad, como ejemplos de modelos H.R.O. (High Reliability Organizations) de la producción industrial nacional. Las hipótesis que se propone discutir en este trabajo es que, como ocurre con la implementación de las Nuevas Formas de Organización del Trabajo, los nuevos modelos de gestión del riesgo, cuyo paradigma es el modelo HRO, deben adaptarse, en los países latinoamericanos, a las características de su fuerza de trabajo, de sus culturas laborales locales y a las estrategias de los actores empresariales y sindicales. Estos procesos de adaptación entre diferentes dimensiones de la organización producen inevitablemente contradicciones y desajustes, por lo que la implementación del modelo HRO adquiere, en estos contextos, contornos específicos en función de las diferentes realidades locales. La metodología utilizada es cualitativa sobre el base de entrevistas a jerarcas y trabajadores de ambas empresas SEGURIDAD CONFIABILIDAD PRODUCCION CELULOSA URUGUAY Limites e contradições de empresas de alta confiabilidade na produção de celulose do Uruguai Este trabalho realiza um estudo sobre os processos de gerenciamento de riscos que ocorrem em duas empresas de produção de celulose, de origem internacional, que tiveram alto impacto na realidade industrial uruguaia. Ambas as plantas, de origem internacional, mas com diferenças importantes no funcionamento de suas matrizes, são consideradas, em termos de segurança, como exemplos de RH. (Organizações de Alta Confiabilidade) da produção industrial nacional. Hipóteses pretende discutir neste artigo é que, como a implementação de novas formas de organização do trabalho, novos modelos de gestão de risco, cujo paradigma é o modelo HRO deve ser adaptada, em países da América Latina, as características de sua força de trabalho, suas culturas locais de trabalho e as estratégias dos atores empresariais e sindicais. Esses processos de adaptação entre diferentes dimensões organizacionais produzem inevitavelmente contradições e desequilíbrios, de modo que a implementação do modelo HRO adquire, nesses contextos, contornos específicos em função das diferentes realidades locais. A metodologia utilizada é qualitativa, baseada em entrevistas com gerentes e trabalhadores das duas empresas SEGURANÇA CONFIABILIDADE PRODUÇÃO CELULOSE URUGUAI Limits and contradictions of high reliability organisations in the cellulose production of Uruguay This work carries out a study of the risk management processes that take place in two cellulose production companies, of international origin, which have had a high impact on the Uruguayan industrial reality. Both plants, of international origin, but with important differences in the functioning of their parent companies, are considered, in terms of safety, as examples of H.R.O. (High Reliability Organizations) of the national industrial production. The hypothesis proposed to be discussed in this paper is that, as with the implementation of the New Forms of Labor Organization, the new models of risk management, whose paradigm is the HRO model, must be adapted, in Latin American countries, to the characteristics of their workforce, their local labor cultures and the strategies of business and union actors. These processes of adaptation between different organizational dimensions inevitably produce contradictions and imbalances, so that the implementation of the HRO model acquires, in these contexts, specific contours depending on the different local realities. The methodology used is qualitative based on interviews with managers and workers of both companies. SECURITY RELIABILITY PRODUCTION CELLULOSE URUGUAY
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.