To support the global restart of elective surgery, data from an international prospective cohort study of 8492 patients (69 countries) was analysed using artificial intelligence (machine learning techniques) to develop a predictive score for mortality in surgical patients with SARS-CoV-2. We found that patient rather than operation factors were the best predictors and used these to create the COVIDsurg Mortality Score (https://covidsurgrisk.app). Our data demonstrates that it is safe to restart a wide range of surgical services for selected patients.

The monitoring of the nutritional status in 2017 showed that the percentage of underweight in West Sumbawa was 20.8%-higher than national (17.8%). In 2016, Pencerah Nusantara, a program that strengthen primary health care through youth empowerment and interprofessional collaboration, encouraged the use of moringa as local food ingredient to improve the nutritional status of children at Poto Tano Health Center, West Sumbawa District. Moringa Program is an innovation program to educate community about nutrition and provide moringa-based foods to improve community nutrition. This program was then implemented not only at one health center but in all sub-districts. Furthermore, BAPPEDA (Local Development Planning Agency) included moringa program to Local Nutrition Action Plans as stipulated in the District Regulation No. 80/2017 about preservation of moringa. This study aims to describe the impact of local regulation on the development of moringa program as one of the solutions to overcome the nutritional problems of children under five. The study uses a case study design on community readiness assessment and is complemented by secondary data collection. The study shows clearly that the regulation is the key factor in strengthening cross-sector partnership and in maximizing efforts to improve community nutrition through the Moringa Program. During the implementation of providing moringa-based foods as a provision of supplementary feeding and complementary feeding at integrates health posts (Posyandu), there was a decrease in cases of underweight in children under five at the Poto Tano Health Center from 21.9% in 2017 to 19.9% in 2018.

Diarrhea is still the second leading cause of death in toddlers besides pneumonia. The highest number of cases of diarrhea in toddlers in East Java is Surabaya. This study aimed to describe the distribution of toddler diarrhea based on risk factors using a regional mapping approach in Surabaya. This study was an ecological study with a regional mapping approach. The independent variables used as risk factors for toddler diarrhea were healthy latrines, drinking water facilities, open defecation free (ODF), and complete basic immunizations. The unit of analysis used was the districts that were processed from the Surabaya Health Profile data in 2019. Results showed most cases of diarrhea under five occurred in Wonokromo, Sawahan, Tambak Sari, and Kenjeran District. There was a significant relationship between toddler diarrhea with complete basic immunization (p = 0.008), while the relationship with healthy latrines, ODF, and drinking water sanitation was not significant. This study concluded that 8 of 31 districts were prioritized for handling toddler diarrhea in Surabaya. In addition, there is a need for dissemination to the community through optimizing the role of health workers at the Puskesmas regarding complete basic relationships and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers.

Background Understanding the actual prevalence of COVID-19 transmission in the community is vital for strategic responses to the pandemic. This study aims to estimate the actual infection of COVID-19 through a seroprevalence survey and to predict infection fatality rate (IFR) in Tanjung Priok, the hardest-hit sub-district by the COVID-19 in Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods We conducted a venous blood sampling (phlebotomy) to 3,196 individuals in Tanjung Priok between Nov 23, 2020, and Feb 19, 2021 to detect their antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Using an enumerator-administered questionnaire, we collected data on the respondents’ demographic characteristics, COVID-19 test history, COVID-19 symptoms in the last 14 days, comorbidities, and protective behaviours during the last month. We employed descriptive analysis to estimate the seroprevalence and IFR. Findings The prevalence of Antibody against SARS-CoV-2 was 28.52% (95% CI 25.44–31.81%), with the result being higher in females than males (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.02–1.42). By the end of the data collection (February 9, 2021), the cumulative cases of COVID-19 in Tanjung Priok were reported to be experienced by 9,861 people (2.4%). Those aged 45–65 were more likely to be seropositive than 15–19 years old (OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.05–1.92). Nearly one third (31%) of the subjects who developed at least one COVID-19 symptom in the last 14 days of the data collection were seropositive. The estimated IFR was 0.08% (95% CI 0.07–0.09), with a higher figure recorded in males (0.09; 95% CI 0.08–0.10) than females (0.07; 95% CI 0.06–0.08), and oldest age group (45–65) (0.21; 95% CI 0.18–0.23) than other younger groups. Conclusion An under-reporting issue was found between the estimated COVID-19 seroprevalence and the reported cumulative cases in Tanjung Priok. More efforts are required to amplify epidemiological surveillance by the provincial and local governments.