ResumoEste estudo consiste no levantamento florístico de Combretaceae ocorrentes no estado do Ceará, como parte do projeto "Flora do Ceará". O estudo foi baseado na análise comparativa dos caracteres morfológicos de espécimes depositados em herbários, bibliografia, fotos de materiais-tipo, além de coletas e observações de campo. Foram registradas 17 espécies distribuídas em cinco gêneros: Buchenavia (2); Combretum (9); Conocarpus (1); Laguncularia (1) e Terminalia (4). As espécies ocorrem preferencialmente em ambientes mais secos como caatinga, carrasco e floresta estacional. Palavras-chave: distribuição, florística, Combretum, nordeste do Brasil, Terminalia. AbstractWe present the floristic survey of Combretaceae occurring in the Ceará state, as part of "Flora do Ceará" project. This study was based on the comparative analysis of morphological characters of herbarium specimens, bibliography, photo-type material, along with collections and field observations. Seventeen species in five genera were recorded: Buchenavia (2); Combretum (9); Conocarpus (1); Laguncularia (1) e Terminalia (4). The species occurs preferentially in drier habitats like the caatinga, carrasco and deciduous forest.
ResumoCapparaceae compreende 25 gêneros e aproximadamente 500 espécies de ampla distribuição no mundo, ocorrendo especialmente nas regiões tropicais e subtropicais, estando bem representada em florestas tropicais sazonalmente secas. No Brasil, ocorrem 12 gêneros e 28 espécies, das quais 12 são endêmicas. Os representantes de Capparaceae são plantas lenhosas, com folhas simples ou 3-folioladas (Crateva), flores com ovário elevado por um ginóforo exserto e fruto carnoso. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever as espécies de Capparaceae ocorrentes no Ceará e mostrar sua distribuição no estado, visando contribuir para o conhecimento e entendimento da flora local. O estudo foi baseado na análise de amostras obtidas durante expedições a campo, coleções pertencentes aos herbários EAC, HUEFS, HVASF, IPA e UFRN, bibliografias e fotografias de tipos. A Flora de Capparaceae do Ceará é composta por cinco espécies: Capparidastrum frondosum, Crateva tapia, Cynophalla flexuosa, Cynophalla hastata e Neocalyptrocalyx longifolium. Esse estudo apresenta chave de identificação, descrições, comentários sobre aspectos ecológicos e fenológicos, mapas de distribuição e ilustrações dos táxons. Palavras-chave: taxonomia, florística, distribuição, Nordeste do Brasil. AbstractCapparaceae comprises 25 genera and approximately 500 species, having worldwide distribution, but occurring especially in tropical and subtropical regions and being well represented in seasonally dry tropical forests. In Brazil, there are 12 genera and 28 species, twelve of which are endemic. Species of Capparaceae are woody plants with simple leaves or 3-foliolate (Crateva); flowers having an exsert gynophore and succulent fruits. This study aims to describe the species of Capparaceae occurring in Ceará and map their distribution within the state, thus contributing to the understanding of the local flora. This study was based on the analysis of specimens obtained during field work, material available from the herbaria EAC, HUEFS, HVASF, IPA and UFRN, and examination of bibliography and types. Five species were recorded: Capparidastrum frondosum, Crateva tapia, Cynophalla flexuosa, Cynophalla hastata and Neocalyptrocalyx longifolium. Identification key, descriptions, comments about ecology, phenology, maps and illustrations of each species are provided.
Although the conservation of tropical biodiversity depends on protected areas, there is still a very large 'gap' of knowledge on the flora of Brazilian reserves, especially in the Northeast region of Brazil. Field and herbarium surveys of the phanerogamic flora of the Ubajara National Park, located on the Brazilian Northeast, were made and analyses on phenology and dispersal syndromes were performed. 418 taxa (213 trees and shrubs, 100 terrestrial herbs, 68 climbing plants, 33 sub-shrubs, two epiphytes, one hemiparasite and one aquatic herb) were recorded. The most representative families were: Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Asteraceae, Rubiaceae and Euphorbiaceae. The annual flowering / fruiting peak hypothesis was not fully confirmed, therefore, the forest may be an important food resource for the fauna all year long (especially in the moister region). Zoochory was the predominant dispersal syndrome in the moister area, whereas, autochory and anemochory together, predominated in the drier area.
Tarenaya clade includes 37 species based on phylogenetic relationships and on the stipular spine synapomorphy, however only 10 species thought to belong to the genus have had names established in Tarenaya. Besides the two new species are being described, we present 25 new combinations for the species and refine the typification of 13 species. Ten lectotypes and three neotypes are designated here. One generic synonym is also typified.
We describe a new species of Phyllanthus, currently known only from the Serra de Baturité mountains in Ceará State, Brazil, a region of predominantly dense ombrophilous forests. Phyllanthus carmenluciae is quite distinct from other species of the genus, and is therefore considered supreme, and is also named to honor the current president of the Brazilian Federal Supreme Court (STF), Cármen Lúcia Antunes Rocha. This species is characterized by having pubescent cylindrical branches, a mucronate leaf apex, inflorescences in bisexual cymules, with two proximal staminate flowers and two distal pistillate flowers, and anthers sagittate with vertical clefts. We present information concerning ecological aspects of the species, geographic distribution, affinities with other species of Phyllanthus, photographs, and its conservation status.
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