BACKGROUND: Pregnant women’s health and nutritional status must be maintained because they are indicators of perinatal growth and neonatal welfare; efforts to prevent fetal growth disorders must begin with pregnant women, one of which is through increased knowledge and nutritional supplementation. AIM: This study aimed to examine the effect of family-based education and zinc supplementation on knowledge, weight, upper arm circumference, nutritional intake, serum zinc levels, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), hemoglobin, infant anthropometry, and placenta in stunted pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Quasi-experiment with a pre-post-test control design was carried out from September 2020 to June 1, 2021, in four areas of the Mamuju Regency City Health Center. The subject population is pregnant women aged 20–26 weeks gestation, experiencing chronic energy deficiency. RESULTS: The mean knowledge increased in the intervention group with a rate of change of 133.57%, while the control group did not experience a significant increase. Unpaired t-test showed a significant difference in the mean serum zinc, IGF-1, and hemoglobin levels with p < 0.001. CONCLUSION: Zinc supplementation is very beneficial for pregnant women, especially teenage pregnant women who have chronic energy deficiency, but the results of zinc supplementation are better accompanied by providing education based on a family approach, as a form of community support system for mothers, because family diet has a strong impact on pregnant women diet.
BACKGROUND: Zinc is an important nutrient for humans at all stages of life, whose needs increase during pregnancy and lactation. Zinc concentrations in breast milk are considered adequate for the first 6 months of life, despite an increase in the volume of milk consumed, zinc in breast milk is likely to be sufficient if there is no diet. weaning (9). Zinc levels in breast milk cannot compensate for the increased zinc requirements of the premature neonate due to higher than normal zinc requirements, small liver size with reduced zinc stores and a shortened digestive system. AIM:This study aims to measure serum zinc levels, IGF-1, and growth of infants aged 6 months in short adolescent mothers who are breastfeeding and have been intervened with zinc supplementation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This study is a quantitative study using a quasi-experimental design, and a pretest-posttest approach with a control group. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with inclusion criteria, namely: infants from breastfeeding mothers aged <19 years, history of SEZ, maternal height <150 cm, so that the total sample size was 60 respondents (30 control samples and 30 intervention samples). Analysis of the data collected in the study was processed analytically with the Independent Sample T-Test and Paired T-Test tests. RESULT: From this study, it was found that the Paired Sample T Test results obtained p value < 0.001 indicating that there was a difference before and after the intervention, so it can be concluded that there was an effect of giving zinc supplementation on serum zinc and IGF-1 levels of infants in the intervention group. And through the Independent T test, the value of p = 0.001 < = 0.05. This shows that there is an effect of zinc supplementation on serum zinc and IGF-1 levels in infants. While the results of the Z-Score test for body weight and Z-Score values for body length obtained p <0.001. This illustrates that there is a difference between the intervention group and the control group, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of zinc supplementation on the growth of infants aged 6 months. CONCLUSSION: There was a significant difference between before and after the intervention in the two groups, so that zinc supplementation was effective in influencing serum zinc levels, IGF-1 and infant growth.
BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia (PE) is still a global public health issue in developed and developing countries. It is a major contributor to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiology of preeclampsia during pregnancy is unclear, but the WHO reported that PE is higher in developing countries than developed ones due to lifestyle and nutritional status. AIM: This study aimed to describe the influence of macro- and micronutrients of junk food on PE. METHODS: This case–control study was carried out on 148 samples, including pregnant women with preeclampsia (n = 74) and normal pregnant women (n = 74) with gestational age > 20 weeks. Data on junk food intake were collected using the SQ-FFQ form and then estimated using the Nutri Survey. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 17 using descriptive statistics. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to observe the correlation between variables with p < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: Binary logistic regression revealed that the intake of fat (p = 0.005), vitamin C (p = 0.002), and sodium (p = 0.036) contained in the junk food were significantly associated with PE. The frequency of consumption of junk food also had a significant effect on the incidence of preeclampsia (p = 0.013). CONCLUSION: Intake of fat, vitamin C, and sodium were associated with PE, and they were risk factors of PE. The frequency of consuming junk food gave more risk to have PE.
Anxiety has an impact on the duration of the first and second stages of labor. Generally, anxiety during labor is caused by fear of giving birth. To reduce the level of anxiety, it is necessary to communicate with therapeutic midwives in creating good relationships with maternity mothers so that there is an exchange of information, feelings, and thoughts. This research aims to find the relationship between the therapeutic communication of midwives with the level of anxiety in maternity mothers. The research method uses a cross-sectional study with a sample of 30 maternity mothers who were selected based on the purposive sampling technique. The results of the study from 30 respondents, the percentage of mothers who received therapeutic communication was not good with mild anxiety levels as many as 4 respondents (66.7%), while at moderate and severe levels of anxiety each 1 respondent (16.7%). Bivariate analysis with chi-square test showed p-value = 0.014 with a significance level ofa = 0.05, where p < a (0.05)so it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the midwife's therapeutic communication with the level of maternal anxiety. It is recommended to manage the psychological condition of the mother during pregnancy monitoring so that the anxiety and worries of the mother before delivery can be resolved properly.
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