AbstrakSaat ini, perilaku merokok semakin merata, bukan hanya perilaku orang dewasa, tetapi juga telah menjadi gaya hidup para remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan, interaksi kelompok sebaya, interaksi keluarga, iklan rokok, dan sikap dengan perilaku merokok remaja di kota Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi observasional cross sectional. Teknik sampling menggunakan multistage random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 471 responden. Data dianalisis dengan uji kai kuadrat, koefisien phi (f) dengan α = 0,05. Responden perokok sekitar 25,3%, sementara responden yang berpengetahuan rendah 16,6%, berinteraksi negatif dengan kelompok sebaya 24,2%, berinteraksi negatif dengan keluarga 47,8%, respons negatif iklan rokok 4,9%, dan sikap negatif 3,4%. Uji kai kuadrat menunjukkan ada hubungan antara interaksi kelompok sebaya (nilai p = 0,000), interaksi keluarga (nilai p = 0,010), iklan rokok (nilai p = 0,000), dan sikap merokok (nilai p = 0,001) dengan perilaku merokok remaja. Tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan perilaku merokok remaja (nilai p = 0,056). Kelompok sebaya dan iklan rokok berpengaruh paling bermakna pada perilaku merokok remaja. Sekolah perlu dilibatkan lebih intensif pada upaya pencegahan dan intervensi perilaku merokok pada anak dan remaja.Kata kunci: Iklan rokok, kelompok sebaya, perilaku merokok, remaja Abstract Nowadays, Smoking not only the behavior of adults, but it has become a way of life for most of teenagers. The study aimed to analyze the correlation between knowledge, peer group interaction, family interaction, cigarette advertisement, and attitude of smoking between smoking behavior among teenagers in Makassar city. Observational cross sectional study was performed in this study. There were 471 respondents selected by applying multistage random sampling. Data was analyzed with chi square test, phi coefficient (f) with α = 0.05. Number of smokers were 25.3% of respondents, meanwhile, low knowledge of respondents were 16.6%, a negative interaction within a peer group of 24.2%, a negative interaction with family 47.8%, the negative response to cigarette advertising 4.9%, and a negative attitude 3.4%. Chi square test showed there was a correlation between peer group interaction (p value = 0.000), family interaction (p value = 0.010), cigarette advertisement (p value = 0.000), and smoking attitude (p value = 0,001), and smoking behavior of the teenagers. However, no correlation between the level of knowledge (p value = 0.056) and smoking behavior among the teenagers. Peer group and cigarette advertisement most significant affect smoking behavior of teenagers. It is recommended that schools need to be involved to provide prevention and intervention on smoking behavior of teenagers are more intensive.Keywords: Cigarette advertisement, peer group, smoking behavior, teenagers PendahuluanIndonesia mengalami peningkatan terbesar perilaku merokok yang cenderung dimulai pada usia yang semakin muda. Pada usia 10 _ 14 tahun, terdapat 2,0% remaj...
AbstrakTingkat kepatuhan pengobatan antiretroviral di Indonesia sangat rendah, yaitu 40 -70%, yang masih di bawah target nasional dengan tingkat kepatuhan 95%. Berbeda dengan rata-rata nasional, Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru justru memiliki tingkat kepatuhan pengobatan antiretroviral pasien HIV/AIDS di atas 95%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan antiretroviral orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA). Jenis penelitian bersifat observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Populasi penelitian adalah 121 ODHA yang aktif menjalani pengobatan antiretroviral di Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik exhaustive sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 121 sampel. Penelitian dilakukan pada 22 April hingga 28 Juni 2014 di klinik Voluntary Counseling and Test Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru Makassar. Analisis data menggunakan uji kai kuadrat dan regresi logistik. Hasil uji kai kuadrat menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan, persepsi, riwayat efek samping obat, dukungan keluarga dan teman, serta interaksi antara pasien dengan petugas layanan antiretroviral terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan antiretroviral ODHA. Analisis regresi logistik menunjukan bahwa pengetahuan yang baik, persepsi positif terhadap pengobatan, serta efek samping obat yang tidak dirasakan adalah faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pengobatan antiretroviral. Penelitian ini menunjukkan ODHA yang tidak merasakan efek samping obat memiliki kecenderungan terbesar untuk patuh terhadap pengobatan antiretroviral dengan OR sebesar 13,452.Kata kunci: Antiretroviral, efek samping obat, kepatuhan, HIV/AIDS Abstract The rate of adherence to antiretroviral treatment in Indonesia is very low, at 40 -70%, which is still below our national target (95%). Different phenomena happens at Jumpandang Baru Primary Health Care, whose level of antiretroviral treatment adherence above 95%. This study aimed to analyze factors that influence the adherence to antiretroviral treatment of people li-
Background: Good quality of life is a condition that must be achieved and maintained by PLHIVs. This study aims to identify factors related to the quality of life among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the Bulukumba district.Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted among 42 PLHIV. The samples were selected by using purposive sampling technique which was conducted for 30 days. Data was collected by using WHOQOL-HIV BREF and analyzed by logistic regression to identified factors related quality of life.Results: Most (52.4%) of PLHIV have not good quality of life. Bivariate analysis showed that behavior (p=0.0293), ARV access (p=0.0197) and adherence (p=0.0088) were factors that increased quality of life among PLHIV. Adherence variable was the greatest influence to the quality of life with OR 11.06 with CI 95% 1.22-100.38.Conclusions:Behavior, ARV access easily, and treatment adherence were factors that influence quality of life among PLHIV. Improving behavior, access ARV, and adherence are recommended to maintain quality of life.
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