Context: Lycopene, a carotenoid found in tomatoes, possesses antiangiogenic activities that might be useful in the management of prostate enlargement. However, the current evidence is still inconclusive in regard to this matter. Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of combined oral dutasteride and lycopene consumption in reducing posttransurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) bleeding. Settings and Design: Twenty-two individuals diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomly allocated into two groups of equal size. Thirty days prior to TURP, individuals in Group 1 (control) were given daily oral dutasteride 0.5 mg and placebo pill and individuals in Group 2 (intervention) were given dutasteride 0.5 mg and lycopene 30 mg. Subjects and Methods: The parameters measured in this study were pre- and post-TURP plasma erythrocyte count and microvessel density (MVD) of resected prostate tissue stained with CD34. Statistical Analysis Used: Data homogeneity was tested using the Shapiro–Wilk test. Individuals' characteristics were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U-test and plasma erythrocyte and MVD analyzed using the t-test. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to find significant correlations between the two variables. Results: There were two dropouts. The mean MVD in the control group was significantly higher compared to the intervention group (28.2 ± 12.3 vs. 18.3 ± 7.6 vessel/mm2, P = 0.044). Reduction of post-TURP plasma erythrocytes was significantly higher in the control group compared to the intervention group (−0.34 ± 0.18 vs. −0.17 ± 0.12 106/μL, P = 0.048). Conclusions: Daily consumption of dutasteride and lycopene for at least 30 days reduced the formation of blood vessels in the prostate and reduced blood loss post-TURP.
Background: Glycogen rich clear cell carcinoma is a rare neoplasm of the breast, with the incidence of 1.4-3% of all breast cancers. The tumour has distinct morphology, different from that of common breast cancers. Glycogen rich clear cell carcinomas are members of a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, including signet-ring, secretory and lipid-rich carcinomas of the breast. In general, clear cell breast carcinoma tends to follow an aggressive clinical course. Case report: To present a case of a 47 years old woman suffering from breast mass in the upper outer quadrant of her right breast. On macroscopic examination, the biopsy tumor sized 2x1.5x0.5 cm and solid with brown and white. Discussion: Microscopic examination showed breast tissue composed of tumor cells arranged in nets, trabeculae and singly dispersed. Tumor cells are moderately pleomorphic, have sharply defined border and polygonal contours. Cytoplasm is clear in more than 90% of cells and finely granular in few cells. Nuclei are hyperchromatic with clumped chromatin and prominent nucleoli. Occasional mitosis is also observed. Special stain (PAS Staining): Intracytoplasmic PAS positivity in tumor cells are variable. Immunohistochemistry ER (+) positive >20-50%, PR (+) positive <20%, HER2 (-) negative. The patient was diagnosed with glycogen rich clear cell carcinoma. Conclusion: Glycogen rich clear cell carcinoma of the breast is rare. Its clinical feature is rather aggressive and varies depending on special characteristics such as low grade. Keywords: Glycogen rich clear cell carcinoma, breast carcinoma, PAS staining Latar belakang: Glycogen rich clear cell carcinoma adalah kanker payudara yang jarang, dengan insidensi 1.4-3% dari semua kanker payudara. Tumor memiliki morfologi yang berbeda dari kanker payudara pada umunya. Glycogen rich clear cell carcinoma merupakan neoplasma heterogen yang termasuk karsinoma payudara signet-ring, sekretori dan kaya lipid. Secara umum, carcinoma ini cenderung mengikuti perjalanan klinis yang agresif. Tujuan: Laporan Kasus: Dilakukan pemeriksaan makroskopis jaringan tumor dari seorang perempuan berusia 47 tahun dengan massa payudara kanan di kuadran luar atas. Tumor biopsi berukuran 2x1.5x0.5 cm, komposisi padat, berwarna coklat dan putih. Dilakukan pemeriksaan histopatologi, imunohistokimia dan histokimia pewarnaan khusus PAS (Periodic Acid Schiff). Pembahasan: Pemeriksaan mikroskopis menunjukkan jaringan payudara dengan sel-sel tumor yang tersusun dalam jaring, trabekula dan tersebar tunggal. Sel-sel tumor cukup pleomorfik, hiperkromatik, kromatin kasar dan nucleoli prominent, mitosis dapat ditemukan, sitoplasma jernih lebih dari 90% sel dan granular halus dalam beberapa sel, memiliki garis batas dan beberapa bentuk poligon yang jelas. Hasil histokimia PAS (+) positif, Immunohistokimia ER (+) positif > 20-50% pada sel-sel tumor, PR (+) positif < 20%, HER2 (-) negatif. Dari hasil pemeriksaan tersebut, pasien didiagnosis Glycogen rich clear cell carcinoma. Kesimpulan: Glycogen rich clear cell carcinoma pada payudara adalah tumor yang jarang, perilaku klinisnya dilaporkan agak agresif sejauh ini, sangat bervariasi tergantung pada karakteristik khusus seperti tingkat rendah. Kata kunci: Glycogen rich clear cell carcinoma, karsinoma payudara, pewarnaan PAS.
ABSTRAK Kata kunci: Endometriosis, interleukin-1β, karsinoma endometrioid, karsinoma serosum ABSTRACT Ovarian endometriosis is associated with an increased risk of ovarian epithelial carcinoma (RR 1.9-4.2). Endometrioid carcinoma is one of the most common type of malignancy associated with endometriosis, while serous carcinoma is the most common ovarian cancer type. It has been reported that sera pro-inflammatory interleukin-1 (IL-1) β evidently be involved in both endometriosis (p = 0,034 and p=0,020), while group B vs group C was not significant (p = 0,805). There are some differences in IL-1β expression among ovarian endometriosis, endometrioid carcinoma, and serosum carcinoma, but there are no significantly difference between ovarian endometrioid carcinoma and serosum carcinoma.
Invasive carcinoma of no special type adalah tipe karsinoma invasif payudara yang paling umum (40% - 75%). Angiogenesis pada tumor merupakan faktor prognostik pada kanker payudara karena berpengaruh pada faktor pertumbuhan, invasi dan metastasis tumor. Neovaskularisasi dideteksi dengan ekspresi Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) dan Endoglin. Desain analitik observasional dilakukan dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi dan sampel adalah blok parafin yang secara histopatologis telah didiagnosis sebagai Invasive carcinoma of no special type derajat 1, 2 dan 3 serta klasifikasi molekuler Luminal A, Luminal B, Her-2 (+) dan triple-negative di laboratorium Patologi Anatomi RSUP dr. Kariadi Semarang. Sampel diproses dengan metode pewarnaan VEGF dan Endoglin. Ekspresi VEGF diberi skor semi-kuantitatif menjadi 0-2 (negatif), 3-4 (positif), 5-6 (positif kuat). Ekspresi endoglin dinilai positif jika diamati sebagai endapan linear tipis di membran dan sitoplasma sel endotel di pembuluh mikro. Kerapatan microvessel adalah median microvessel yang diwarnai secara positif oleh Endoglin di 5 lapangan pandang besar. Korelasi antar variabel dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Spearman.Terdapat korelasi sedang antara ekspresi VEGF dengan klasifikasi molekuler (p = 0,042 (p < 0,05), r = 0,373. Terdapat korelasi, tapi tidak bermakna antara ekspresi VEGF dengan derajat histopatologik (p = 0,749 ( p > 0,05), r = - 0,061), ekspresi Endoglin dengan klasifikasi molekuler (p = 0,543 (p > 0,05), r = 0,116), ekspresi Endoglin dengan derajat histopatogik (p = 0,965 (p > 0,05), r = - 0,008). VEGF dan Endoglin memiliki peran sebagai faktor prognostik pada Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type.
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