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Promotion of mushroom growth by means of biological agents replacing chemicals is an emerging and highly demanded issue in the sector of mushroom cropping. The present study was aimed to search for a novel bacterium potentially able to enhance mushroom growth and yield. A total of 2165 bacterial isolates purified from different samples were scrutinized through various growth‐promoting attributes. As a consequence of rigorous screening, 26 isolates found exhibiting positive traits of mushroom growth promotion. Thereafter, in response to the cocultivation (fungus and bacteria), a potent bacterial strain was isolated capable to improve significantly the mycelial growth. In cocultivation the highest radial and linear growth rate was 7.6 and 8.1 mm/day on 10th and 11th days, respectively. The fruitbody yields and biological efficiency (BE) of the inoculated sets were 28% and 58% higher than the uninoculated control sets. The bacterium was molecularly identified based on 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and confirmed as Glutamicibacter arilaitensis MRC119. Therefore, the bioinoculant of the current bacterium can be potentially useful as an ecofriendly substitute stimulating the production of mushroom fruit bodies with improved BE.

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One-pot heterocyclic synthesis is an exciting research area as it can open routes for the development of otherwise complex transformations in organic synthesis. Heterocyclic compounds show wide spectrum of applications in medicinal chemistry, chemical biology, and materials science. These heterocycles can be generated very efficiently through highly economical and viable routes using one-pot synthesis. In particular, the metal-free one-pot synthetic protocols are highly fascinating due to several advantages for the industrial production of heterocyclic frameworks. This comprehensive review is devoted to the transition metal-free one-pot synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles from the period 2010-2013.

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The three heteroatoms containing five membered heterocycles such as thiadiazoles have been extensively studied due to their important pharmacological activities. The thiadiazole nucleus is an important class of compounds for new drug development. The chemical and biological behavior and synthesis of thiadiazole derivatives have gained much importance in last few decades. This review article provides up to date information about exploration of new methods, developments, synthetic strategies, and their diverse pharmaceutical activities.

: Gold nanoparticles possess unique mechanical, chemical, photo-optical and biological properties and have been an interesting field of research on life sciences. The research studies produced new nanodevices and nanotechnology-based biosensing, diagnostics therapeutics, and targeted drug delivery systems. In this review, the unique potential aspects of gold nanoparticles/ nanoformulations/ or devices related to diabetes management have been discussed together with the recent patent on the gold nanoparticles developed for diabetes management. The first part of this review will focus on recent strategies for the treatment of hyperglycemia and its management with the help of gold nanoparticles and the second part of the review focused on recent patents on gold nanoparticles useful in the diabetes management. Gold nanoparticles have proved themselves useful in diabetes therapeutics and diagnostics. Due to the high surface area, and low toxicity, gold nanoparticles have become a unique aspect of the delivery approach. The main issues that need to be covered are the biopharmaceutics, biocompatibility, and potential clinical applications.