OBJECTIVE: to assess the quality of life and burden of caregivers to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients on Long-Term Oxygen Therapy and to investigate the factors influencing this burden. METHOD: this is an analytical, cross-sectional study of 80 persons with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on Long-Term Oxygen Therapy who used the specialized outpatient center of the Federal University of São Paulo, and their carers. The following instruments were used: Medical Outcomes Studies 36 (SF-36), Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS) and the Katz Index, along with socio-demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS: the most compromised scores on the carers' quality of life questionnaire were for Vitality and Mental Health. On the Caregiver Burden Scale, the domain which created the greatest burden for carers was the Environment. With the exception of Emotional Involvement, all the domains of quality of life were affected negatively by the domains of caregiver burden. CONCLUSION: it was shown that carers' quality of life was compromised and that they were overburdened with care tasks, confirming that assisting persons with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is an important element in carers' quality of life.
Objective: To evaluate and correlate the quality of life (QoL) of COPD patients on long-term home oxygen therapy (LTOT) with their sociodemographic/clinical characteristics and level of dependence. Methods: This was a crosssectional analytical study involving COPD patients on LTOT followed at the Oxygen Therapy Outpatient Clinic of the Federal University of São Paulo Hospital São Paulo, in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Sociodemographic, clinical, and biochemical data were collected. We assessed QoL and level of dependence using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Katz index, respectively. Multiple linear regression models were constructed in order to determine the influence of these variables on QoL. Results: We included 80 patients in the study. The mean age was 69.6 ± 9.1 years, and 51.3% were female. The lowest SF-36 scores were for the physical functioning and role-physical domains. All sociodemographic characteristics (except gender) were found to correlate significantly with the SF-36 domains mental health, vitality, role-physical, and social functioning. We also found that body mass index, PaO 2 , post-bronchodilator FEV 1 , hemoglobin, and Katz index correlated significantly with the physical functioning, mental health, role-physical, and bodily pain domains. In addition, oxygen flows were found to correlate negatively with the physical functioning, mental health, vitality, and role-emotional domains. Conclusions: Low scores for SF-36 domains, as well as the variables that negatively influence them, should be considered and analyzed during the development and implementation of strategies for improving the QoL of COPD patients on LTOT.Keywords: Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Quality of life; Oxygen inhalation therapy. ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar e correlacionar a qualidade de vida (QV) de pacientes com DPOC em uso de oxigenoterapia domiciliar prolongada (ODP) com suas características sociodemográficas/clínicas e o nível de dependência. Métodos: Estudo transversal analítico com portadores de DPOC em ODP acompanhados no Ambulatório de Oxigenoterapia do Hospital São Paulo, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, em São Paulo (SP). Os pacientes foram avaliados quanto aos dados sociodemográficos, clínicos e laboratoriais. A qualidade de vida e o nível de dependência foram avaliados pelo Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) e índice de Katz, respectivamente. Modelos de regressão linear múltipla foram construídos para verificar a influência dessas variáveis na QV. Resultados: A média de idade dos 80 pacientes incluídos foi 69,6 ± 9,1 anos, e 51,3% eram do sexo feminino. Os escores dos domínios do SF-36 mais baixos foram capacidade funcional e função física. Correlações significantes foram encontradas entre características sociodemográficas (exceto gênero) e os domínios saúde mental, vitalidade, função física e aspectos sociais, assim como entre várias características clínicas/laboratoriais (índice de massa corpórea, PaO 2 , VEF 1 pós-bro...
Background and aims Smokers exhibit a high prevalence of psychological abnormalities, and these factors may contribute to smoking initiation, its maintenance, and quitting difficulties. This study reports the development of a scale aiming at evaluating the emotional status of smokers in face of tobacco. Methods Levels of Anxiety, Depression, Perceived Stress, Self‐esteem, and Loneliness of 120 smokers (age: 54.6 years; 74 women) were compared with those of 76 nonsmokers (age: 45.5 years; 47 women). Correlations between psychological scores, plus the feature Attachment to Cigarettes, and Fagerström test of nicotine dependence (FTND) counts were explored. Features showing the best correlations with FTND were selected to be part of a 6‐item scale called Smoker’s Emotional Test (SET). SET scores of this group and of an additional sample of smokers (n = 102; age = 52.6; women = 63) were submitted to psychometric analyses and validation tests. Results SET showed a structure of two factors, Anxiety/Depression and Attachment to Cigarettes. SET showed significant correlations with FTND (r = 0.418), number of smoked cigarettes (r = 0.299), time to urge for a new cigarette (r = −0.441), and pleasure of smoking (r = 0.346). The internal consistency of SET was higher than that of FTND scores (Cronbach’s alpha: respectively .712 and .542). The test‐retest reliability of SET was excellent (ICC = 0.944). SET scores higher than four distinguished smokers from nonsmokers with sensitivity of 87.3% and specificity of 92.7%. Conclusions SET is a simple instrument that gives an estimative of smoking‐related emotional status and may define a new valuable construct of tobacco addiction.
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