PURPOSE:To compare the inflammatory reaction caused by the injection of a sugarcane biopolymer (SCB) into the vocal fold of rabbits with that caused by calcium hydroxyapatite (CaH).
METHODS:CaH (Radiesse ® ) and SCB gel were injected respectively into the right and left vocal cords of thirty rabbits. The rabbits were distributed into two equal groups and sacrificed at three and twelve weeks after injection. We then evaluated the intensity of the inflammatory reaction, plus levels of neovascularization, fibrogenesis and inflammatory changes in the vocal mucosa.
RESULTS:The vocal cords injected with CaH had a stronger inflammatory reaction by giant cells in both study periods. The SCB group had a more intense inflammatory involvement of polymorphonuclear cells three weeks after injection. SCB caused a higher level of neovascularization compared with CaH three weeks after the procedure.
CONCLUSION:Whereas calcium hydroxyapatite triggers a more intense and lasting inflammatory reaction mediated by giant cells, sugarcane biopolymer causes a greater response from polymorphonuclear leukocytes, as well as higher levels of vneoascularization three weeks after injection.
Introdução: O forame da tireoide é uma variação anatômica caracterizada por uma abertura na porção póstero-superior da lâmina da cartilagem tireoide da laringe. O conhecimento anatômico sobre as estruturas vasculares e nervosas da região do pescoço, bem como o conhecimento da existência de variações anatômicas, tais como o forame da tireoide são de suma importância para o sucesso cirúrgico. Nessa perspectiva, o presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a incidência, a morfometria e a morfologia do forame tireóideo da cartilagem tireoide em laringes humanas cadavéricas, bem como discutir as relações cirúrgicas e clínicas decorrentes dessa variação anatômica. Método: Foram selecionadas 100 laringes humanas do acervo de peças cadavéricas do Departamento de Anatomia da UFPE que permitissem a visualização do esqueleto cartilaginoso da laringe, em especial, da cartilagem tireoide da laringe. Resultados: Das 100 (cem) laringes selecionadas, 02 (duas) apresentaram o forame tireoidiano, indicando uma incidência de 2%. Conclusão: O estudo embasou a importância do conhecimento anatômico sobre o forame tireóideo. Observou-se uma incidência de 2% do forame tireóideo, que foi circular medindo 7 mm na cartilagem laríngea com apresentação unilateral e 0,45 mm e 0,5 mm no lado esquerdo e direito, respectivamente, na apresentação bilateral. Ademais, o presente estudo apontou importantes dados morfológicos e morfométricos dessa variação anatômica, que não deve ser negligenciada no momento de procedimentos na região do pescoço.
Purpose:
This study aimed to analyze the immediate effect on a singer's voice of a flexible silicone tube immersed in water combined with ascending and descending vocalise scales compared with ascending and descending vocalise scales alone.
Method:
A pre- and post-intervention quasi-experimental study was conducted. Thirty adult singers between 18 and 45 years old with no laryngeal disorders performed the two techniques for 3 min each on different days. Acoustic measurements of frequency, jitter, shimmer, glottal-to-noise excitation ratio, noise, smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS), maximum phonation time (MPT), voice range profile, and self-perceived vocal effort (Borg Category Ratio 10-BR Scale adapted for vocal effort) were assessed before and after performing the techniques.
Results:
The results indicated an increase in singers' CPPS and MPT values and a decrease in shimmer and noise when performing with a flexible silicone tube immersed in water combined with vocalise. The singers reported a perception of decreased vocal effort after both methods. However, the diminished perceived vocal effort became more pronounced with the tube phonation technique combined with vocalise.
Conclusions:
Phonation in tubes combined with vocalise improved the vocal acoustic parameters (including cepstral measurements), increased MPT, and diminished perceived vocal effort. Although using vocalise alone diminished perceived vocal effort, this decrease was more pronounced in the tube phonation technique combined with vocalise.
Laryngeal microsurgery is a kind of treatment for various laryngeal diseases. Because of the need of long instruments and delicate maneuvers, involuntary movements represent relevant difficulty and may be responsible for unintended post-operative results.Aim: This study proposes a new stabilization system, flexible and versatile, which can significantly reduce involuntary movements made by surgeons.Methods: This experimental study compared the amplitude of surgeons' involuntary movements with and without the stabilization system. Ten surgeons performed a total of six movements mimicking movements used in laryngeal microsurgery, two of them without the stabilization system. The maneuvers were repeated with the stabilization system and the wire stretched, and after this, the wire was then expanded 3mm and the maneuvers were performed. The average values of the maximum instrument displacement were compared between the groups.
Results:The maximum displacement was higher during the maneuver with the still micro-scissors without the system, when compared with the stabilization system in three different situations. The average was also higher in the maneuver to open and close the micro scissors without the system and with it.
Conclusion:The proposed stabilization system was effective in reducing surgeon shaking in the different situations tested. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;76(5):643-8.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
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