This work aimed to control the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in tomato Solanum lycopersicum L plants with high-diluted solutions of Thuya occidentalis, and to study its effects on growth and plant defense responses. The in vivo experiment was carried out over two years (2013 and 2014) at a climatized greenhouse, whilst the in vitro experiment was carried out in the laboratory. Eight treatments were used [6, 12, 24, 50, 100, 200 and 400CH (Hahnemannian centesimal) of T. occidentalis, with water as control treatment]. For the in vivo assay, in 2013 plants were inoculated with about 4850 eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2), while in 2014 they were inoculated with 5050 eggs and J2. The treatments were applied once a week, as 0.1% aqueous solutions onto the plant shoots, for 50 and 40 days respectively. For the in vitro experiment, the nematodes were directly exposed to the same 0.1% treatments. The treatments did not show nematostatic or nematicide effects in the in vitro assay, and had no influence on the hatching of the eggs. For the in vivo assay in 2013, T. occidentalis 100CH decreased the number of J2 present in the roots, whilst the dynamization of 200CH stimulated root development and increased the weight of the fruits of the first cluster. In 2014, 100CH decreased numbers of J2 in the soil. Some dynamization increased the plant's defense enzyme activity, such as peroxidase (24, 50, 200 and 400CH), polyphenoloxidase (200CH), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (24 and 50CH). In this study, T. occidentalis 100CH showed potential for the control of M. incognita, whilst 24 and 200CH influenced the growth of plants.
Este trabalho objetivou analisar o controle biológico do Colletotrichum musae em bananas por meio de Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Saccharomyces boulardii. Células de S. cerevisiae foram obtidas a partir do fermento de panificação Fleischmann ® . Células de S. boulardii foram obtidas a partir do medicamento Floratil ® . Utilizou-se um cacho de banana colhido de área orgânica, os frutos passaram por um processo de assepsia, em seguida foram tratados com células de S. cerevisiae, S. boulardii e ambas as leveduras na concentração de 2 g L -1 , após 24 horas inoculou-se o C. musae em três pontos por fruto. Para avaliar-se o efeito da concentração de células no tratamento o processo foi repetido, tratando-se os frutos com concentrações de 0; 0,5; 1; 2; 4 e 8 g L RESUMOS. cerevisiae e S. boulardii, avaliou-se a área lesionada, a cada 48 horas, por 14 dias. Também avaliou-se o halo de inibição e a produção de compostos voláteis, ambos in vitro, para analisar se há ocorrência de antagonismo. Observou-se que o tratamento com as leveduras reduz o progresso da doença, e que S. cerevisiae e S. boulardii apresentam maior eficiência na concentração de 5,5 e 6,3 g L -1 , respectivamente, apresentando redução de 48% e 35% do progresso da doença, respectivamente. Observou-se a formação de halo de inibição e produção de compostos voláteis, indicando que estas leveduras atuam por meio de antagonismo. Deste modo, estas leveduras são potencias agentes de controle biológico do C. musae. ABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyze the biological control of Colletotrichum musae in bananas by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces boulardii. Cells of S. cerevisiae were obtained from Fleischmann ® bread yeast. Cells of S. boulardii were obtained from the drug Floratil ® . A bunch of bananas collected from an organic area was used. Fruits underwent a process of asepsis and were then treated with cells of S. cerevisiae, S. boulardii and both yeasts at the concentration of 2 g L -1 ; after 24 hours, C. musae was inoculated in three points per fruit. To evaluate the effect of cell concentration on the treatment, the process was repeated, treating the fruits with concentrations of 0; 0.5; 1; 2; Heling, A.L.; Kuhn, O.J.; Stangarlin, J.R.; Henkemeier, N.P.; Coltro-Roncato, S.; Gonçalves, E.D.V. Biological control of anthracnose in the postharvest of manzano bananas using Saccharomyces spp. Summa Phytopathologica, v.43, n.1, p.49-51, 2017. 4 and 8 g L -1 of S. cerevisiae and S. boulardii; the injured area was evaluated at every 48 hours during 14 days. The inhibition halo and the production of volatile compounds were also evaluated, in vitro, to analyze whether there is antagonism. Treatment with these yeasts reduces the disease progress and S. cerevisiae and S. boulardii exhibit greater efficiency at the concentration of 5.5 and 6.3 g L -1 , respectively, leading to a reduction of 48% and 35% in the disease progress, respectively. We observed formation of inhibition halo and production of volatile compounds, indicating that these yeasts act ...
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the main Brazilian agricultural crops. Numerous diseases have affected such a crop during its life cycle, such as white mold, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. This fungus is quite aggressive and requires an intensive use of pesticides. This study aimed at evaluating white mold control and antimicrobial activity against S. sclerotiorum using extremely diluted aqueous solutions of Phosphorus and Calcarea carbonica, at 6CH, 12CH, 24CH, 36CH and 48CH dynamizations (centesimal Hahnemannian). The tests were carried out in a completely randomized design, with 10 treatments and 5 replicates each, considering water as control. Variables including disease progression, the number of dead plants, the number of sclerotia, and mycelial growth were evaluated by in vivo and in vitro tests. The treatments Phosphorus 12CH, Phosphorus 48CH, Calcarea carbonica 12CH, and Calcarea carbonica 48CH presented resistance-inducing action by slowing down the disease progression up to 83% and decreasing the number of dead plants up to 90%. In vitro tests showed that the treatments Phosphorus 12CH, Phosphorus 48CH and Calcarea carbonica 48CH slowed down the mycelial growth. The latter also completely inhibited the production of sclerotia. These results indicate the potential of Phosphorus 12CH, Phosphorus 48CH, Calcarea carbonica 12CH, and Calcarea carbonica 48CH for controlling S. sclerotiorum in common beans.
The aims of the study were to evaluate the control of botrytis in the soybean stem, spraying homeopathic solutions of Sulphur and Nosode of Macrophomina phaseolina in the dynamizations 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48CH. As additional treatment, we used distilled water and hydroalcoholic solution at 30% ethanol. In vitro tests were performed so as to analyze the number of micro-sclerotia and mycelial growth of the fungi, and in vivo tests to track the progress of the botrytis stem and the size of the lesion. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five replications. For the area under the mycelial growth curve (AUMGC) in the first test, there was no significant effect of Sulphur and Nosode of M. phaseolina. In vivo studies, comparing Sulphur with the control treatment, showed a reduction of 14 and 15% for the dynamizations of 12 and 48 CH, respectively. For the amount of micro-sclerotia of M. phaseolina, in the first test, Sulphur showed a reduction of up to 50%; Nosode of M. phaseolina showed no significant reduction of micro-sclerotia. In the second test, Nosode was not significant while Sulphur caused a reduction of up to 33%. For area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), in both trials, the drugs proved to be ineffective. These results indicate the potential of these homeopathic remedies in controlling the fungus, M. phaseolina.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.