Viral contaminations speak to a general medical issue and one of the main sources of worldwide mortality. A large portion of the antiviral medications have low permeability, low dissolvability and other related physical properties which make them less efficient for the antiviral treatment. To conquer these constraints, different nanomedicine stages have been planned. Nanomaterials offer special physico-chemical properties that have various advantages for medicate conveyance as perfect devices for viral treatment. This review focuses on the currently used medicines used in viral infection, presents a broad overview of the application of nanosized materials for the treatment of common viral infections and shed light on the potential of nanotechnology to provide more effective treatment for HIV, Herpes simplex virus, Influenza virus and Hepatitis C virus. The action of antiviral medications could be improved with nanomedicine formulations. As the physicochemical properties of nanocarriers can empower their capacity to target the specific sites. When it comes to structuring nanocarriers, size is the most important factor and the nanoparticles can permit the controlled delivery kinetics, enhanced bioavailability, altered pharmacokinetics, and less side effects. Nanocarriers that build them appealing candidates for antiviral drug such as Improves bioavailability of the encapsulated actives, controlled release, reduce the toxicity associated with the anti-viral drugs. One of the important physicochemical properties mainly size is the most important design factor for nanocarriers for anti-viral drug delivery to the specific sites. Nanobased drug delivery also leads to enhance the potential of currently approved antiviral drugs. Keywords: Nanotechnology, HIV, Hepatits virus, Influenza, HSV
Moringa oleifera is a plant native to India that thrives in tropical and subtropical climates around the world. It's also called a 'drumstick tree' or a 'horseradish tree.' Moringa is commonly farmed around the world because it can resist both severe drought and moderate winter. Every portion of the tree is suitable for nutritional or economic applications due to its high nutritious contents. Minerals, vitamins, and other phytochemicals are abundant in the leaves. The extracts of tree are used to treat many diseases. It's been utilised as an antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antibacterial agent in the past. M. oleifera seed, is widely utilised in water treatment. This review looks at how moringa has been used for therapeutic purposes throughout disciplines, as well as the cultivation, nutrition, commercial, and pharmacological qualities of this "miracle tree."
Mahogany is a Meliaceae family exotic plant that includes three species: Swietenia macrophylla king, S mahogany L. Jacq., and S. humulis Zucc. This genus is predominantly found in the humid zone of the New World and the Amazon region of South America. The purpose of this review article is to look at its taxonomical classification, vernacular names, pharmacological activities and its phytochemistry. Scientific studies have found that the crude extract from S. macrophylla seeds has antibacterial, anti-malaria, anti-hepatitis, anti-diarrheal, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, antinociceptive, and anticancer properties. Phytochemical investigations have shown that limonoids and their derivatives are the major constituents of Swietenia macrophylla.
Vitis vinifera L. are a well-known grape species from western Asia and southern Europe that belong to the Vitis genus of the Vitaceae family. The grapevine's seeds and leaves are employed in herbal therapy, while the fruits are used as a food supplement. Wine production, which takes 50-75 percent of grapes, is the most significant application of grapes, followed by fresh fruits, dried fruits, and juice. Several varieties and species of vitis vinifera available in India, pharmacological and therapeutic research, phytochemistry of the Vitis vinifera (grape) and its active components are presented in this overview.
Meliaceae is a family of 50 genera with 1400 species that are predominantly found in tropical parts of the third world. Because of its timber and calorific value, members of this family are commercially valuable. Mahogany is a Meliaceae family exotic plant that includes three species: Swietenia macrophylla king, S mahogany L. Jacq., and S. humulis Zucc. Mahogany's distribution in India is limited to the Western and Eastern Ghats. This genus is predominantly found in the humid zone of the New World and the Amazon region of South America. The purpose of this review article is to look at its botanical description, geographical distribution, ecological range, cultivation and collection methods, wood characteristics, wood uses, therapeutic uses, seed cultivation and propagation practices, and wood characteristics, wood uses, and therapeutic uses.
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