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Lactic acid dehydration using a non-stoichiometric calcium pyrophosphate catalyst (Ca/P ratio 0.78) has resulted in 78% acrylic acid yield due to formation of calcium lactate as an intermediate on the catalyst surface.

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A facile method for the synthesis of porous platinum nanoparticles by transmetallation reactions between sacrificial nickel nanoparticles and chloroplatinic acid (H(2)PtCl(6)) in solution, as well as at the constrained environment of the air-water interface, using a Langmuir-Blodgett instrumental setup is presented. To carry out the transmetallation at the air-water interface hydrophobized nickel nanoparticles are assembled as a monolayer on the sub phase containing platinum ions. The porous Pt nanoparticles obtained as a result of the reaction are found to act as extremely good catalysts for hydrogenation reaction. The products are well characterized by TEM, HRTEM, EDAX, and STEM. Attempts are made to postulate the plausible mechanism of this reaction to generate this kind of nanoparticle with controllable geometric shape and structure. This simple strategy has the potential to synthesize other nanomaterials of interest too.

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Utilization of ultrasmall MoO3 nanoparticles supported on silica nanospheres to be a recyclable catalyst in olefin epoxidation.