Selective formation of triacetin by glycerol acetylation using acidic ion-exchange resins as catalyst and toluene as an entrainer

Kale, Sumeet S.; Umbarkar, Shubhangi B.; Dongare, Mohan K.; Eckelt, Reinhard; Armbruster, Udo; Martin, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2014.10.059

Cited by 67 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Comparison of the obtained results in these two systems could help to investigate the effect of removing ethanol from reaction medium. It must be mentioned that all the experiments were performed at temperature of 70 o C, because ethyl acetate and ethanol azeotrope mixture boils at this temperature (Kale et al, 2015).…”

Section: Methods 221 Batch Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presence of acetic acid prevented the hydrolysis of acetylated derivatives. In addition, acetic acid could catalyze the reaction (Kale et al, 2015). Therefore, at the third step, under azeotropic reactive distillation, the transesterification of glycerol with ethyl acetate resulted in higher selectivities to DA and TA.…”

Section: Effect Of Ethanol Removal From the Reaction Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While PTSA was found to possess a selectivity of 41% to MA. As mentioned earlier, the acid strength of a given catalyst has a significant influence on its catalytic activity and selectivity (Kale et al, 2015). Overall, sulfuric acid led to the most favorable results and was chosen as the catalyst for the subsequent experiments.…”

Section: Effect Of Catalyst Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major byproduct of the conventional biodiesel process is glycerol which is produced at an approximate rate of 10wt.% (Kale et al, 2015). Such dramatic rise in the availability of biodiesel glycerol has led to significant price declines in the market and therefore, has marked glycerol as attractive feedstock for the synthesis of various valuable chemicals (Corma et al, 2007;Behr et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biodiesel is one of the renewable fuels whose global production is estimated to reach 37 million metric tons in 2020 (Kale et al, 2015). The major byproduct of the conventional biodiesel process is glycerol which is produced at an approximate rate of 10wt.% (Kale et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycerol transesterification with ethyl acetate to synthesize acetins using ethyl acetate as reactant and entrainer

et al. 2017

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Section: Methods 221 Batch Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Ethanol Removal From the Reaction Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Catalyst Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycerol transesterification with ethyl acetate to synthesize acetins using ethyl acetate as reactant and entrainer

et al. 2017

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Glycerol acetylation considering competing dimerization

Soares

Kale

Armbruster

et al. 2019

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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Glycerol acetylation is a very interesting reaction for studies of consecutive kinetics. In this short communication, we present a pseudo-homogeneous model for the synthesis of triacetyl glycerol from the reaction of glycerol and acetic acid over strongly acidic Amberlyst-15 and Amberlyst-70 catalysts, considering a dimerization of diacetyl glycerol (DAG) into diglycerol tetraacetate as a parallel reaction and compare the results with a model without side reactions. The best fits were obtained for apparent zeroth-order dimerization and first-order consecutive reactions in the presence of acetic acid in excess and with removal of water. An adaptation was made for DAG. The proposed model shows that the formation of DAG is faster than the consumption of glycerol, which could be an explanation for the occurrence of DAG dimerization instead of other parallel reactions in acetylation. K E Y W O R D Sapparent kinetics, diacetyl glycerol dimerization, glycerol acetylation 634

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K5PW11NiO39‐catalyzed oxidation of benzyl alcohol with hydrogen peroxide

et al. 2019

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In this work, we synthesized a series of metal-substituted potassium heteropolyacid salts and investigated its catalytic activity on oxidation of benzyl alcohol with H 2 O 2 under homogeneous (CH 3 CN) and biphasic (toluene/water) conditions. The Keggin heteropolyacids were converted to lacunar salts (i. e., K 7 PW 11 O 39 ; K 7 PMo 11 O 39 and K 8 SiW 11 O 39 ), which had their vacancies filled with metal cations (i. e., Al 3 + , Fe 3 + , Co 2 + , Cu 2 + , and Ni 2 + ), generating the metal-substituted salts. The K 5 PW 11 NiO 39 proved to be the most efficient catalyst. The synergic effect raised between the PW 11 O 39 7À anion and Ni 2 + cation improved the redox properties and the activity of the catalyst. The K 5 PW 11 NiO 39 catalyst was able to promote the benzyl alcohol oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in biphasic conditions in the absence of phase transfer catalyst. Benzaldehyde and benzoic acid were the main products. The effects of main reaction parameters were assessed. The K 5 PW 11 NiO 39 catalyst was successfully recovered and reused without losing activity.

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Selective formation of triacetin by glycerol acetylation using acidic ion-exchange resins as catalyst and toluene as an entrainer

Cited by 67 publications

References 32 publications

Glycerol transesterification with ethyl acetate to synthesize acetins using ethyl acetate as reactant and entrainer

Glycerol transesterification with ethyl acetate to synthesize acetins using ethyl acetate as reactant and entrainer

Glycerol acetylation considering competing dimerization

K5PW11NiO39‐catalyzed oxidation of benzyl alcohol with hydrogen peroxide

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