Concrete is one of the environmental pollutants. Cement as a main part of the concrete is one of the largest greenhouse emitters. So, searching for a solution to reduce negative environmental impacts of concrete production can be valuable (Pacheco-Pacheco-Torgal, 2014). Ceramic tile and sanitary ware are among the most commonly used materials in construction. World production of ceramic tiles in 2016 was about 13 billion square meters . The amount of waste in the different production stages of the ceramic industry ranges from 3 to 7 percent of daily production (Meyer, 2009). The nature of construction industry, especially the concrete industry, is such that ceramic wastes can be used safely with no need for dramatic change in production and application process. On one hand, the cost of deposition of ceramic waste in landfill will be saved and, on the other, raw materials and natural resources will be replaced, thus saving energy and protecting the environment.
This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the relationship between intellectual capital and investment opportunities on selected firms listed on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) over the period 2005-2011. In our survey, Tobin Q represents investment opportunity and intellectual capital is measured based on different variables such as value added intellectual capital and human capital. The study uses regression technique with panel data and random effect and the results indicate that there was no meaningful relationship between intellectual capital and investment opportunity. In other words, most investment opportunities on TSE do not depend on intellectual capital and they mostly depend on traditional methods of investment.
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