Optimal Design of Concrete Canal Section for Minimizing Costs of Water Loss, Lining and Earthworks

Tabari, Mahmoud Mohammad Rezapour; Tavakoli, Shiva; Mari, Mohsen Mazak

doi:10.1007/s11269-014-0652-9

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…To estimate the mean k s variation along the two main ditches of the AFI system (ditches A and B in Figure ), the following equation (Rezapour Tabari et al ., ) was used:

k_{s} = \frac{I_{w}}{l_{w} d_{w} {[\exp {((), 4 π - π^{2})}^{0.77} + {((), \frac{w_{w}}{d_{w}})}^{0.77}]}^{1.3}}

where I w is the water loss as seepage along a ditch (m 3 s −1 ), l w is the ditch length (m), d w is the depth of water in the ditch (m), w w is the bed width of the section (m) and the portion within the square brackets is a seepage function (dimensionless), which is a function of the ditch geometry. The aforementioned equation is expressed for a canal in a homogeneous and isotropic porous medium when the water table is at very large depth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Managed aquifer recharge via infiltration ditches in short rotation afforested areas

et al. 2015

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Managed aquifer recharge design and operation must incorporate the expected long‐term performance from a water quantity perspective to sustainably mitigate hydrologic impacts of groundwater overexploitation. Gravity‐driven infiltration ditches in forested areas are one of many managed aquifer recharge schemes that could augment the available water resources. Research on the longevity of these structures is sparse, leading to concerns about their long‐term capability to sustain elevated infiltration capacity. In the present study, an infiltration system consisting of a regular grid of eight ditches divided into four sequential plots within a short rotation forested area [area of infiltration (AFI)] was monitored from its inception to determine its hydrologic performance over time and its possible export to similar areas of the Brenta megafan (Northern Italy). During the monitored period, the AFI was not significantly affected by clogging because the suspended solids carried by the Brenta River water diversion were extremely low. The main source of clogging was the fallen foliage during the autumn, easily managed via ordinary maintenance. The AFI displayed an almost constant performance to infiltrate the diverted water over the first 3 years of operation, with a total amount of infiltrated water of approximately 0.8 Mm3 ha−1 year−1. The best tracer to reconstruct the downward water movement through this highly permeable vadose zone was temperature, while the groundwater table fluctuation could not be confidently used to infer the effective infiltration, because of its large seasonal variability. The good results suggest promoting this technique in other areas of the Brenta megafan that suffer from groundwater resources depletion. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…To estimate the mean k s variation along the two main ditches of the AFI system (ditches A and B in Figure ), the following equation (Rezapour Tabari et al ., ) was used:

k_{s} = \frac{I_{w}}{l_{w} d_{w} {[\exp {((), 4 π - π^{2})}^{0.77} + {((), \frac{w_{w}}{d_{w}})}^{0.77}]}^{1.3}}

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The latter depends on wind velocity on water surface and special moisture gradient available in the air above the water surface. One simple mass transfer equation can be expressed in the form of Equation (Ghazaw, ; Rezapour Tabari et al ., ):

E_{w} = 2.262 \times 10^{- 8} ((), 1 + 0.25 v_{2}) ([], normalexp ((), \frac{17.27 T_{w}}{237.3 + T_{w}}) - R_{h} normalexp ((), \frac{17.27 T_{a}}{237.3 + T_{a}})) W_{w}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managed aquifer recharge via infiltration ditches in short rotation afforested areas

et al. 2015

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“…There are many factors influencing canal seepage loss, including the canal cross-section profile, canal lining conditions, canal bed soil type, and groundwater table depth near the canal [6,[14][15][16]. Canal lining is commonly used to reduce seepage loss, which has been proven to significantly increase the water conveyance efficiency [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study on Concrete and Geomembrane Lining Effects on Canal Seepage in Arid Agricultural Areas

Han

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2020

Water

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Canal lining is commonly used to reduce seepage loss and increase water use efficiency. However, few studies have quantitatively estimated the seepage control effects of different lining materials under different service times. Ponding tests were conducted on the same canal section with four different lining statuses to investigate the canal lining effect on seepage control and its impact factors in arid areas. The cracks and holes in different lining materials were surveyed, and the canal seepage rates under the four test treatments were calculated by monitoring the water level change in the canal. The results show that the cracks in the joints of the two precast concrete slabs and holes in the geomembrane, which are located 0.25 m above the canal bottom on two sides of the canal, are responsible for the increased seepage loss. The new concrete and geomembrane lining combination reduces seepage by 86% compared with no lining, while seepage can be reduced by 68% using the concrete and geomembrane lining combination after three service years, and the amount decreases to 11% by using geomembrane lining with a three year service time. Based on the experiment and literature, a statistical relationship between the seepage reduction and lining service time was established, which provided a possible and easy way to estimate seepage losses from lined canals and improve the estimation accuracy using an empirical formula. Without considering the service time lining effect, the seepage loss is underestimated by 58%, and the canal water use efficiency is overestimated.

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“…In fact, significant changes in the traditional design and operation of irrigation canals are necessary to achieve higher levels of efficiency and fairness. In this context, part of the studies focus on modelling potential designs for the canals (Ghumman et al 2012;Rezapour Tabari et al 2014;van Overloop et al 2008van Overloop et al , 2010a; other studies are focused on the application of modern operational techniques in the canals (Bhadra et al 2010;Fele et al 2014;Feyen and Liu 1991;Reddy 1991;Sadowska et al 2014;Tariq and Latif 2010;van Overloop et al 2014;Zafra-Cabeza et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equitable Water Distribution in Main Irrigation Canals with Constrained Water Supply

Shahdany

Maestre

Overloop

2015

Water Resour Manage

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In this study a novel configuration of the Water Level Difference Error method is introduced to speed up the error sharing in the context of Model Predictive Control (MPC). The potential application of the controller is examined. The main objective of this controller is fair distribution of water between upstream and downstream users in main canals suffering from water shortages. The scheme uses the Integrator-Delay (ID) model for canal pool responses in a model predictive controller. The designed controller is tested on an accurate simulation model of a large canal system, using four test scenarios. The scenarios suffer from limited water supply conditions that are imposed by a limitation on the canal inflow. The results show fast reactions in equitable sharing of water level deviations from target throughout the canal. Since, all the pools are involved in optimally managing the water shortage, significant improvements in operational performance of the canal are achieved. In addition, the operational performance of the designed controller is remarkably improved by applying a new strategy of target-bands instead of targetlevels in the canal pools as it increases the flexibility of the controller in making appropriate decisions.Keywords Canal automation . Model predictive control . Water level difference error . Fair water distribution Water Resour Manage

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Optimal Design of Concrete Canal Section for Minimizing Costs of Water Loss, Lining and Earthworks

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Managed aquifer recharge via infiltration ditches in short rotation afforested areas

Managed aquifer recharge via infiltration ditches in short rotation afforested areas

An Experimental Study on Concrete and Geomembrane Lining Effects on Canal Seepage in Arid Agricultural Areas

Equitable Water Distribution in Main Irrigation Canals with Constrained Water Supply

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