Tumor-promoting phorbol ester and epidermal growth factor (EGF) exert marked intluences on the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. These two agents bring their physiological functions into play via protein kinase C (PKC) activation (and/or down regulation) and protein tyrosine kinase, respectively. In this paper, the present situation in the studies on the signal transduction of keratinocytes centering around these two kinases is discussed. An outline of studies on signal transduction of cells other than keratinocytes in the skin is also given.
Background: Overexpression of cyclin D1 and p53 protein has been reported in many types of malignant tumors. Objectives: We investigated whether cyclin D1 was detected immunohistochemically in various types of malignant tumors of the skin, comparable with p53 protein. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining of cyclin D1 and p53 protein was applied to squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma and various kinds of benign skin tumors. Results: Cyclin D1 was positive only in malignant tumors at the same incidence as p53 protein. Conclusion: Cyclin D1 immunohistochemical staining may be a malignant marker for various skin tumors.
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