Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) estimada pela Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS), comparando com dados administrativos e coberturas anteriores da Pesquisa Nacional de Amostras de Domicílios (PNAD), além de descrever frequências de visitas domiciliares das equipes. Foram comparados dados de inquéritos populacionais em 2008 (PNAD), em 2013 (PNS) e dados administrativos do Departamento de Atenção Básica, sobre a proporção de pessoas moradoras em domicílios cadastrados em unidade de saúde da família, para Brasil, Grandes Regiões e Unidades da Federação, além de indicadores com visitas domiciliares por escolaridade. Observou-se aumento na cobertura da população pelo Saúde da Família no Brasil, passando de 50,9%, segundo a PNAD 2008, para 53,4% em 2013, segundo a PNS. O crescimento ocorreu no Brasil, Grandes Regiões, urbano e rural. Os dados da PNS em 2013 foram semelhantes aos administrativos do DAB em 2013, cerca de 56% de domicílios cadastrados. Populações com menor escolaridade receberam mais visitas domicíliares mensalmente. A ESF é um importante promotor de equidade em saúde e o aumento de sua cobertura e abrangência é exitoso no país.
Resumo Este artigo apresenta o histórico e a construção da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) 2019, inquérito de base domiciliar realizado em parceria com o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. O objetivo da PNS 2019 foi dotar o país de informações sobre os determinantes, condicionantes e necessidades de saúde da população brasileira. A amostra prevista foi de 108.525 domicílios particulares, considerando-se uma taxa de não resposta de 20%. Seu questionário continha três partes, orientadas para (i) o domicílio, (ii) todos os moradores do domicílio, com enfoque na coleta de informações socioeconômicas e de saúde, e (iii) o morador selecionado (idade ≥15 anos), sendo investigados estilos de vida, doenças crônicas, violências, entre outros temas, e aferidas medidas antropométricas (subamostra). As informações da PNS 2019 servirão de base para a (re)formulação de políticas de saúde e subsídio a ações e programas existentes do Sistema Único de Saúde.
ABSTRACT:Objective: To describe the major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Brazil, according to the information collected from individuals aged 18 years or older. Methods: Data from the National Health Survey (PNS), 2013, a transversal population-based study, were used. The proportions of each NCD were calculated and presented according to sex, with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI), with the absolute values. Results: Of the total respondents, 45.1% reported presenting at least one NCD. The region with the highest prevalence of NCDs was the South (52.1%). Hypertension showed the highest prevalence among NCDs, with 21.4%, followed by chronic back problem (18.5%), depression (7.6%), arthritis (6.4%), and diabetes (6.2%). The intense/very intense degree of limitation showed a higher prevalence of other mental illnesses (37.6%) and cerebrovascular accident (25.5%). Conclusion: The improvement of health services is essential for an effective response to the double burden of illness in the middle-and low-income countries.
OBJECTIVE To analyze the use of health services in the Brazilian population by sociodemographic factors, according to data from the 2013 Brazilian National Health Survey.METHODS The study analyzed data from 205,000 Brazilian citizens in all age groups who participated in the Brazilian National Health Survey, a cross-sectional study carried out in 2013. Prevalence and confidence intervals were estimated for indicators related to access to and use of health services according to age group, level of education of head of household, and Brazilian macroregions.RESULTS Among individuals who sought health services in the two weeks prior to the survey, 95.3% (95%CI 94.9–95.8) received care in their first visit. Percentages were higher in the following groups: 60 years of age and over; head of household with complete tertiary education; living in the South and Southeast regions. In addition, 82.5% (95%CI 81.2–83.7) of individuals who received health care and prescriptions were able to obtain all the necessary medicines, 1/3 of them from SUS. Less than half the Brazilian population (44.4%; 95%CI 43.8–45.1) visited a dentist in the 12 months prior to the survey, with smaller percentages among the following groups: 60 years of age or older; head of household with no education or up to incomplete elementary; living in the North region of Brazil.CONCLUSIONS People living in the South and Southeast regions still have greater access to health services, as do those whose head of household has a higher level of education. The (re)formulation of health policies to reduce disparities should consider differences encountered between regions and social levels.
The analysis shows the importance of understanding the access to the diagnosis of depression in Brazil. It is necessary to improve access to quality health services throughout the country to include the underprivileged population. Reducing disparities in access to health services is crucial to ensuring that social rights are universal and equal.
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