Untethered small actuators have various applications in multiple fields. However, existing small-scale actuators are very limited in their intractability with their surroundings, respond to only a single type of stimulus and are unable to achieve programmable structural changes under different stimuli. Here, we present a multiresponsive patternable actuator that can respond to humidity, temperature and light, via programmable structural changes. This capability is uniquely achieved by a fast and facile method that was used to fabricate a smart actuator with precise patterning on a graphene oxide film by hydrogel microstamping. The programmable actuator can mimic the claw of a hawk to grab a block, crawl like an inchworm, and twine around and grab the rachis of a flower based on their geometry. Similar to the large- and small-scale robots that are used to study locomotion mechanics, these small-scale actuators can be employed to study movement and biological and living organisms.

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MnO2 doped Fe2O3 hollow nanofibers were successfully synthesized by the electrospinning method, which exhibit superior catalytic activity for low temperature NH3-SCR.

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We first report the fabrication of a substrate-free graphene oxide (GO)-based micromotor by a glass capillary microfluidic technique. The micromotor can move rapidly at low concentrations of fuel and exhibits high removal efficiency for the antibiotic.