The standard sample IRB7# of nano-sized carbon black was reated by different methods, including washing by alcohol, toluene, water, the emulsion of toluene and water, and heating. Surface activity of the obtained nanoparticles was measured using inverse gas chromatography. The results showed that the dispersion free energy could be significantly increased after heating. The surface activity of three kinds of industrial carbon black was studied after heat treatment at different temperature. The results indicated that surface activity, iodine adsorption number and nitrogen surface area values of carbon black nanoparticles increased with the increase of temperature. However, the dibutyl phthalate adsorption value maintained nearly constant. The performance test of rubber showed that with the increasing heat treatment temperature of carbon black, 300% modulus of rubber increased before 450°C and decreased after 450°C.
In this research, orthogonal structure carbon fiber reinforced composite was developed and its properties were compared with those of laminated structure composite. To solve the problem of yarn damage caused by friction during the weaving process, a custom-built weaving device was build up. Compression and vacuum-assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM) techniques were selected and compared. It was found that fiber geometries could be well retained using the later one. The orthogonal and laminated composites prepared by the VARIM technique with the fiber volume fraction were 32.76% and 38.64%, respectively. Flexure and impact tests were performed to evaluate the properties of laminated and orthogonal composites. The results show that orthogonal composite exhibits superior properties in the warp and weft directions. In addition, due to its straight yarn path and insertion of carbon fiber in the through-thickness direction, orthogonal fabric reinforced composite exhibits an improved bending strength over composites reinforced by laminated plain woven fabric, although the fiber volume fraction of orthogonal composite is much lower than that of laminated composite. The findings indicate that orthogonal structure composite provides profound guiding significance for product development and application of carbon fiber composite.
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